Background The clinicopathological features and prognosis of breast cancer in Asia are different from those in the Western countries. Tumor‐infiltrating immune cells can influence the outcome of patients with breast cancer, but they have not been systemically evaluated in Asian patients with breast cancer. Methods We compared the immune score, composition, and prognostic impact of infiltrating immune cells between Asian and Western patients with breast cancer by analyzing gene expression profiles from eight Gene Expression Omnibus data sets and The Cancer Genome Atlas data set. The Estimation of Stromal and Immune Cells in Malignant Tumours Using Expression Data (ESTIMATE) and Cell Type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of Known RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) algorithms were used to determine the immune score and composition of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells, respectively. Findings This study included 462 Asian patients and 2,186 Western patients. Tumors of Asian patients had significantly higher immune score, particularly in the luminal B and HER2‐enriched subtypes. High immune score was associated with favorable prognosis in both Asian and Western patients, and Asian race with a high ESTIMATE immune score provided additional power to predict longer disease‐free survival. Activated CD4 T cells and M2 macrophages were the most strongly associated with survival in both Asian and Western patients. Interpretation Our study highlights the difference in tumor immune microenvironments between Asian and Western patients. The higher ESTIMATE immune score, which represents more abundant tumor‐infiltrating immune cells, in tumors of Asian patients partly explains their favorable prognosis. Implications for Practice The tumor microenvironment serves as an interface that affects the human body's reaction to cancer cells. Evidence has revealed that tumor‐infiltrating immune cells were associated with patient prognosis. This study demonstrated the disparity of tumor microenvironments and their prognostic impact between Asian and Western patients with breast cancer. The differences in immune score partially explained the racial survival differences noted in recent studies. Integrated analysis of tumor cells, tumor microenvironment, and racial effect may significantly improve recurrence risk prediction for patients with stage I–III breast cancer. Because the effect of tumor microenvironment varies across different populations, a model of interaction between immune score and race/ethnicity is recommended in accessing the risk of patients with cancer.

Keratin 7 (KRT7) is a member of the keratin gene family. KRT7 is abnormally expressed in various types of cancer and promotes the malignant progression of tumors. However, the role of KRT7 in ovarian cancer remains unclear. The present study aimed to validate the role of KRT7 in ovarian cancer progression. KRT7 expression levels in patients with ovarian cancer were analyzed using data obtained from the Human Protein Atlas and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. KRT7 mRNA and protein expression levels were upregulated in ovarian cancer tissue compared with normal tissue. KRT7 expression was associated with the grading, staging and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. The differentially expressed genes affected by KRT7 were primarily enriched in the functions of cell migration, cell adhesion and cell growth. In vitro studies, including a CCK8 assay, were used to detect cell proliferation. In addition, wound healing and transwell assays were performed to analyze cell migration. The results demonstrated that KRT7 overexpression was associated with increased proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of ovarian cancer cells, and the migration and EMT of ovarian cancers cells were decreased following knockdown with KRT7 small interfering RNA. In vivo , knockdown of KRT7 inhibited tumor growth of ovarian cancer. Furthermore, KRT7 regulated EMT in ovarian cancer via the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway, and regulated cell-matrix adhesion through integrin-β1-focal adhesion kinase signaling. These results suggest that KRT7 may be a potential molecular marker for prognosis prediction in patients with ovarian cancer.

Feng ligand | N,N'-Dioxide | O ligands | Asymmetric catalysis | Lewis acids Catalysts and ligands possessing the great ability to tolerate over a wide range of mechanistically unrelated reactions are remarked as "privileged", which are rather scarce but extremely meaningful in asymmetric catalysis. Feng and co-workers have developed a library of conformationally flexible, C 2-symmetric N,N'-dioxide amide compounds with original design and featured structure (named as Feng ligand now). They were initially reported as chiral organocatalysts in 2005 and have been further developed as a new class of privileged chiral ligands since 2006. Tremendous success, including versatile coordination chemistry with plenty of metal sources (main-group metals, transition metals, and rare-earth metals), a truly broad scope of asymmetric reactions (more than 50 types), diverse areas of catalysis (organocatalysis, Lewis-acid catalysis, bimetallic relay catalysis, and photocatalysis), numerous synthetic applications of bioactive compounds, has been achieved using Feng N,N'-dioxide. Besides, they demonstrate that chiral ligands with conformationally flexible property can offer excellent chiral environment as well, which challenges the conventional idea preferring rigid structures in the design of chiral ligands. Herein, we briefly introduced the discovery of Feng ligand and the millstones during the development. We also covered the successful applications of Feng ligand by other scientists as well as novel chiral ligands inspired by them. Contents 1. Introduction 969 2. Initial Discovery 970 3. Representative Applications 971 3.1. Classical asymmetric reactions 971 3.2. Novel asymmetric reactions 975 4. Studies by Other Groups 977 4.1. Reactions using Feng ligand 977 4.2. Novel chiral ligands inspired by Feng ligand 980 5. Conclusions 980

Amides are ubiquitous in physical and life sciences. Given the significant abundance of arenes, dearomative aminocarbonylation of arenes would lead to a large and underexplored chemical space for amide discovery. However, such reactions are challenging due to the high degree of resonance stabilization and selectivity issues. Herein, we disclose an unprecedented dearomative trifluoromethylative aminocarbonylation of arenes via bifunctional coordination to chromium, providing a modular platform for the construction of amides possessing trifluoromethyl (CF 3 ) groups and three-dimensional rings. Its versatility further enabled a switchable difluoromethylation or trifluoromethylation aminocarbonylation of arene CÀ H bonds. A possible mechanism was proposed based on control experiments. Finally, the synthetic utility was well demonstrated by diverse applications in the total synthesis of CF 3 -functionalized amide-type drugs, including praziquantel, nateglinide, maraviroc and alloyohimbane.

Arene 1,2‐reduction and regiodivergent deuteration via η6‐coordination have been developed by Wei Li and co‐workers in their Research Article (e202218961). A diverse set of 1,3‐cyclohexadiene isotopologues were readily synthesized by precisely controlling the deuterated positions as well as the degrees of deuterium incorporation.