The mariculture industry is planning to move offshore due to the decline of China's inshore fishery resources, the deterioration of the water environment, inefficient industrial structure and other influencing factors. This article first analyses the imbalance between supply and demand of aquatic products, the development space of offshore aquaculture and the supporting policies, thereby concluding that China has significant potential to develop offshore aquaculture. Subsequently, the development status of offshore aquaculture in China is examined. The research progress of China's offshore aquaculture facilities, marine hydrology, environmental carrying capacity, aquaculture technology and the status of aquaculture operation equipment are also summarized. Furthermore, the problems existing in the development of offshore aquaculture are pointed out. On this basis, future development ideas for China's offshore aquaculture can be planned in terms of sea area layout, optimized and improved seed production systems, and research and development of offshore aquaculture technology and pellet feed. The relationship between the development of offshore aquaculture and ecological protection should be coordinated. Additionally, an energy security system can be built based on clean energy, and the development of related industries can be driven through the complementary industrial division of labour. The present work aims to provide a reference for promoting the development of offshore aquaculture in China.

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Ship aquaculture platforms are expected to become a meaningful way to expand offshore farming. The growth performance and nutritional composition of the large yellow croaker reared in an offshore ship aquaculture system and nearshore traditional cage system was evaluated in this study. The results showed that the aquaculture ship could effectively avoid the harsh environment such as typhoons and red tides. The test large yellow croaker adapted to the ship culture system in a short time. No serious stress events occurred during the whole rearing process. During the culture experimental period, the fish fed normally, and disease was controlled. The aquaculture ship has good environment conditions during breeding with a water temperature of 21.5–28.5 °C, salinity 20.7–31.8‰, pH 7.6–8.4, dissolved oxygen 7.2–12.8 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen < 0.08 mg/L, and the number of bacteria and vibrio in water were 1.2 ∗ 103–1.6 ∗ 103 CFU/mL and 1.2 ∗ 102–1.8 ∗ 102 CFU/mL, respectively. The survival, weight gain rate, and monthly weight gain of the large yellow croaker in the ship were 99.02%, 41.48%, and 67.52 g, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of cage culture. The crude protein content of the large yellow croaker raised in the ship was significantly higher than that in the cage group, and the crude fat content was significantly lower than that in the cage group. These results indicated that the growth performance and nutritional composition of the large yellow croaker reared in offshore ship were better than those of the fish in the cage. These findings enhanced our understanding of an offshore ship aquaculture model of large yellow croaker.