The infiltration and physical and chemical effects of fissure water often have a degrading effect on the strength and bearing capacity of the surrounding rock of the roadway. With the increase of the time of water infiltration, the roadway deformation increases exponentially, resulting in a higher risk of roadway destruction. In this paper, targeting at the supporting and protection issues associated with the main inclined shaft during the water-drenching, a numerical simulation method was established to evaluate the impact of the fissure water on the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and a solution to control the top water in main inclined shafts by grouting was proposed. Through the numerical simulation method, the effective penetration range of the slurry in the surrounding rock and the variation of the tunnel deformation with the grouting timing were studied. A method of combining numerical simulation with on-site monitoring to determine a reasonable grouting timing was proposed. The field application suggests that grouting at a reasonable timing can effectively control the influence of seepage water from the roof crack of the main inclined shaft on the deformation of the roadway surrounding rock, improve the integrity of the roadway surrounding rock, increase the bearing capacity of the support, and maintain the safety and stability of the roadway surrounding rock of the main inclined shaft. Furthermore, this study can provide insightful references to the grouting reinforcement adopted by similar main inclined shafts.

Various tests including the longitudinal wave velocity tests and uniaxial compression tests have been conducted to evaluate the impact of cooling methods (including natural cooling, water cooling, and cooling by liquid carbon dioxide) on mechanical properties of sandstone under the natural status and high temperature. The acoustic emission signals were also monitored during the tests. According to the tests conducted, the sandstone sample density attenuation rate and the longitudinal wave velocity attenuation rate are higher than those of the specimen under natural status while the uniaxial compressive strength and Young’s modulus are lower. Comparing with the sandstone under the natural status, the compression sections of the stress-strain curves of the high-temperature sandstone samples treated by three cooling methods are longer with lower strain peak values. The order of the acoustic emission is revealed as follows: the sample cooled by liquid carbon dioxide < the sample cooled by water < sample cooled naturally < the sample under natural status, which suggests that the rapid cooling (cooled by liquid carbon dioxide) produces the severest damage on the sample, followed by the water cooling and natural cooling methods. In addition, the relationship between the sample strength weakening coefficient and the cooling rate is defined based on the statistical data of the cooling time of the high-temperature specimen under the three cooling methods.