No abstract

Lateral shoulder imbalance (LSI) is reflected radiologically by the clavicle angle (CA). How to achieve postoperative lateral shoulder balance (LSB) after scoliosis correction surgery remains unclear. In the current study, by using the preoperative upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) tilt, the CA, the flexibility between T1 and the UIV, and the ideal postoperative UIV tilt was predicted based on the following formula: ideal postoperative UIV tilt = preoperative UIV tilt—the flexibility between T1 and UIV—preoperative CA. The reliability of the formula was verified through a retrospective analysis, and 76 scoliosis patients were enrolled. The feasibility of this method was verified through a prospective analysis, and 13 scoliosis patients were enrolled. In the retrospective study, there was a significant correlation between the difference in the actual and ideal postoperative UIV tilt values and the postoperative CA, with correlation coefficients in the whole, LSI, and LSB groups of 0.981, 0.982, and 0.953, respectively (p < 0.001). In the prospective study, all patients achieved satisfactory LSB. Using the formula preoperatively to predict an ideal postoperative UIV tilt and controlling the intraoperative UIV tilt with the improved crossbar technique may be an effective digital method for achieving postoperative LSB and has important clinical significance.

In this paper, we propose the novel iterative detection which operates iteratively on blocks of the received signal in downlink in massive MIMO (Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output) system. This article will combine the equivalent channel with soft detection and soft decoder, and finally propose a new structure for the iterative detection in downlink based on 5G simulation test platform of NCRL and analysis the performance of the novel structure. The simulation result shows iterative algorithm performs better than conventional detection with lower amount of iterations. Communications beamforming method to increase the capacity with optimum proper power allocation was proposed by [5] [6]. We use the two-level algorithm to decompose the multi-user MIMO channel into multiple single-user channels, which contains block diagonalization and SVD.Pilot contamination and interference are well-known problems affecting communication system, requiring the need of an equalizer. Various solutions to the problem were widely investigated. The optimal, iterative equalizer applying soft feedback is LMMSE ISDIC equalizer. Iterative channel estimation and data detection is researched in [7] [8]. We consider time division duplexing since it can exploit channel reciprocity [9]. An innovated double-turbo receiver was proposed to alleviate the pilot contamination and interference, which combines the equivalent channel estimation with the detector and the decoder.The paper is organized as follows. In Section 2, we propose the system model, including precoding algorithm, detection algorithm and so on. Section 3 introduces the novel detection structure and compares the proposed structure and the traditional one. Some numerical results with a performance comparison are shown in Section 4. Last, Section 5 draws the conclusions on the proposed schemes.

Many clinical studies have indicated an association between biomechanical factors and the incidence and pathological progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, at present, the research on AIS is mainly focused on the etiology, and there are few studies reporting the causes of progressive aggravation of AIS. In the present study, we aim to investigate the role of Piezo1 in compressive stressinduced mouse spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes apoptosis. First, a scoliosis mouse model was established, and the expression of Piezo1 as well as the degree of apoptosis were investigated. We found that the expression of Piezo1 and the degree of apoptosis were significantly higher on the concave sides than that on the convex sides of the vertebral growth plate in mice with scoliosis. Spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes were further isolated and treated with Yoda1 to mimic Piezo1 overload. Excess Piezo1 significantly promoted apoptosis of spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes. Moreover, static gas compressive stress was used to simulate the increased concave compressive stress in the process of scoliosis with or without GsMTx4, a Piezo inhibitor. It was observed that with the increase of static compressive stress, the expression of Piezo1 increased, and the chondrocytes of vertebral growth plate treated with Piezo1 inhibitor GsMTx4 weakened the above phenomena. In conclusion, our results indicated that compressive stress is strongly associated with the different degrees of apoptosis on both sides on the convex and concave sides of the vertebral growth plate in scoliosis via inducing different expressions of Piezo1. Reducing the expression of Piezo1 in the concave side of the vertebral growth plate and inhibiting the apoptosis of chondrocytes in the bilateral vertebral growth plate caused by asymmetric stress on both sides of the concave vertebral body may be a promising treatment strategy for AIS.