Efficient turn-on luminescent probes for l-cysteine sensing in serum are designed and synthesized based on an anionic Ln–K–MOF with tunable emission color and heavy metal ion adsorption capacity.

Accurate hydrophobicity adjustment of single-phase material is quite challenging and meaningful for water treatment. Here, a strategy combining crystal morphology regulation and post-synthetic modification is reported based on a novel metal−organic framework (MOF, Eu-bdo-COOH, H 4 bdo = 2,5-bis(3,5dicarboxylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole). The hydrophobicity is regulated by crystal size and morphology regulation, and a rough microspherical MOF is successfully synthesized. Meanwhile, the obtained MOF microspheres exhibit high water, chemical, and thermal stability. The post-synthetic modification of alkyl chains achieves fine-tuning of hydrophobicity of MOF microspheres. The static water contact angles can controllably range from 43 to 142°, and the amylaminemodified MOF (AM) obtains the strongest hydrophobicity. In addition, a superhydrophobic aerogel is constructed with AM microspheres and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for efficient oil−water separation. The AM-rGO aerogel (AM-rGA) exhibits fast and efficient absorption of various oily substances from water, and the adsorption capacity of dibromoethane reaches up to 14,728 wt %. This outstanding oil adsorption capacity can maintain even beyond 50 cycles by the support of the stable aerogel. The strategy of morphology regulation and post-synthetic modification provides a broad approach for the hydrophobic adjustment of numerous MOF materials.

Plant homeodomain (PHD) proteins are prevalent in eukaryotes and play important roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress response. In this study, the comprehensive study of the PHD family (StPHD) was performed in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Seventy-two PHD genes (named StPHD1-72) were identified and grouped into 10 subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis. Similar structure organizations were found within each subfamily according to the exon/intron structures and protein motif analysis. These genes were unequally scattered on the chromosomes of potato, with 9 pairs of segmental duplicated genes and 6 pairs of tandem duplicated genes showing that both segmental duplicated and tandem duplicated events contributed to the expansion of the potato PHD family. The gene ontology (GO) analysis suggests that StPHD mainly functioned at the intracellular level and was involved in various binding, metabolic and regulation processes. The analysis of expression patterns of StPHD genes showed that these genes were differentially expressed in 10 different tissues and responded specifically to heat, salt and drought stress based on the FPKM (Fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads) values of the RNA-seq data. Furthermore, the real-time quantitative PCR for 12 selected StPHD genes revealed the various levels of gene expression corresponding to abiotic stress. Our results provide useful information for a better understanding of PHD genes and provide the foundation for additional functional exploration of the potato PHD gene family.

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