Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (X. axonopodis pv. citri) is the cause of canker disease on lime trees that negatively affect plant health and fruit quality. This study focused on the comparison of the extraction yield and antibacterial properties of Euphorbia tirucalli against X. axonopodis pv. citri, phytochemical screening, quantifcation of phenolic and flavonoid contents of the fraction extract. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EA) (7.5 mg/mL) of E. tirucalli from Dak Nong province had the best activity against bacteria with diameter of inhibition zone determined 15.50 ± 0.50 mm, and the minimum inhibition concentration was 0.312 mg/mL. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids were found in the EA fraction extract of E. tirucalli, whereas saponin did not appear in the extract. The phenolic and flavonoid content was in the range of 14.46 - 98.63 mg GEA/g and 90.34 - 408.86 µg QE/g, respectively. Column chromatography followed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra were performed and the three compounds were identifed as scopoletin, gallic acid, and 3,3’,4’-tri - O - methylellagic acid. This study suggests that the extract from E. tirucalli and the isolated compounds can be used for managing of citrus canker disease.

In this study, the extracts of Kaempferia rotunda L. were investigated by GC/MS (Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry). There were 25 compounds in tuberous rhizome: alpha-pinene (4.48%), camphene (20.85%), pentadecane (15.47%), camphor (10.15%), alpha terpinolene (1.01%), bornyl acetate (5.65%), alpha-selinene (2.32%), gamma-curcumene (3.22%), heptadecane (3.80%), alpha-cedrene (3.64%), alpha-amorphene (4.92%), alpha-curcumine (2.68%), benzyl-benzoate (7.56%), eucalyptol (1.01%), and some important other compounds. The protocol for in vitro propagation was conducted. The MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L of Benzyl adenine and 0.2 mg/L of Kinetin gave the highest number of shoots (4.67 shoots/explant). The MS 1/2 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L of Naphthalene acetic acid was suitable for plantlet formation (shoot height: 12.05 cm and 14.56 roots/explant). The greenhouse-acclimated in vitro plants reached a 100% survival rate.

Oxidative stress has been studied by scientists because it is a factor increasing diseases, such as cancer, diabetes... through the production of harmful free radicals to the body. Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst is always considered an important drug in the prevention and treatment of diseases by the action of polysaccharide and triterpenoid. In addition, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has recently been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Mint (Mentha avensis L.) is a common medicinal herb. The mixture consisting of the aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst, mint and stevia powder had a high antioxidant activity, in free radical scavenging method (DPPH), reaching 85.7% at concentration 1000 μg/mL and valuable IC50 was 559.7 μg/mL. For in vivo study on the model of cyclophosphamide-induced liver damage in white mice, the concentrations of malondialdehyde and glutathione in liver showed that the mixture had antioxidant activity in the direction of hepatoprotective effect