NASICON-type (lithium super ionic conductor) solid electrolyte is of great interest because of its high ionic conductivity, wide potential window, and good chemical stability. In this paper, the key problems and challenges of NASICON-type solid electrolyte are described from the aspects of ionic conductivity, electrode interface, and electrochemical stability. Firstly, the migration mechanism of lithium ion is analyzed from the three-dimensional structure of NASICON-type solid electrolyte, and progress in the research of conductivity and stability is summarized. Then, the effective methods to reduce interface impedance and improve the cycle stability of all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with NASICON-type solid electrolyte are introduced. Finally, solutions to improve the conductivity of electrolytes and deal with electrode/electrolyte interface problems are summarized, and the development prospects of ASSLBs are discussed.
A novel conductive
paper based on cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and
reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with a sandwich structure was successfully
prepared through step-by-step vacuum filtration followed by a chemical
reduction process in which a CNF layer is sandwiched between two thin
RGO layers. This unique design strategy not only provides a highly
conductive network for its surface but also maintains the structural
integrity of CNF. The sandwich-structured paper exhibits a significantly
conductive anisotropy, and the in-plane electrical conductivity is
drastically enhanced as 4382 S m–1 with only 4 wt
% RGO, whereas it is insulating along the cross-plane direction. This
can be attributed to the RGO layers at the top and bottom surface
connected in parallel. This high electrical conductivity is greatly
superior to most of the cellulose/graphene composite papers obtained
by conventional blending processes. Compared with the similar layer-by-layer
assembly technique, the present method is more feasible and time saving.
Moreover, the sandwich-structured paper shows excellent mechanical
strength and good flexibility, which may facilitate its applications
in future flexible electronics.
Rechargeable Na-air batteries are the subject of great interest because of their high theoretical specific energy density, lower cost, and lower charge potential compared with Li-air batteries. However, high purity O 2 as a working environment is required to achieve high-performance Na-air batteries, which obstructs their application as a high-energy-density battery. Although aqueous Na-air batteries can operate in ambient air, long cycle and high safety remain challenges for aqueous Na-air batteries because the aqueous electrolyte is volatile. Here, a quasi-solid-state Na-air battery is reported by utilizing a gel cathode, which is composed of single-walled carbon nanotubes and roomtemperature ionic liquids, achieving high safety and long cycling life of 125 cycles (528 h) at a current density of 0.1 mA cm −2 , which is surprisingly better than that of quasi-solid-state NaO 2 batteries. In situ XRD characterizations reveal that water in ambient air is gradually deposited on the surface of the gel cathode to form a water layer, which facilitates the generation of soluble discharge product of NaOH thermodynamically with high conductivity. This work shall be critical to develop and promote the practical application of Na-air batteries, opening a new way to the design of solid-state metal-air batteries.
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