The exciting force generated by the violent sloshing of the fluid in the tank will damage the tank structure and even affect the attitude stability of a vehicle. Hence, this study constructs a numerical model and horizontal excitation experimental platform. Taking the porous baffle in the tank of a specific type of tanker as an example, the current study analyses the impact pressure response law at different frequencies. On the basis of vortex dynamics, this work explores the evolution mechanism of the vortex flow structure under different excitation amplitudes and frequencies. The exploration reveals the law of dimensionless vortex intensity and energy change. In addition, the relationship between vortex intensity and wall pressure is determined. Studies have shown that the non-linear violent sloshing causes the resonance frequency of the tank to deviate from the natural frequency. When the excitation amplitude intensifies, the range and strength of the vortex structure and the distance from the vortex core to the baffle increase. In such circumstance, the accumulation and dissipation of energy are more evident. In addition, when the excitation frequency is closer to the resonance frequency, the distance between the vortex core and the baffle widens. Moreover, the energy intensity around the baffle increases as the frequency increases. The time history of wall pressure P and vortex intensity Q shows a certain regularity, and the ratio of Pmax to Qmax decreases with the increase of the excitation frequency.

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The study aims to explore the characteristics of the impact load of a ship under the influence of a harsh marine environment. The horizontal excitation test platform is established to analyze the response law of the external excitation frequency of the sloshing load. Moreover, nonlinear liquid sloshing impact load characteristics are analyzed under porous baffling with different solids ratios and tanks with different liquid depths. It is found that the resonance frequency of the tank without baffling is 0.93ω 0, and that of the tank with a porous baffle is 0.96ω0. With the solid ratios of 0.4 to 0.8, the transient and steady state pressure peaks decrease by 66% and 71%, respectively. The liquid depths of H to H/4, for both transients and steady state pressure peaks, decreased by about 36%. It shows that the resonant frequency is closer to the natural frequency when the amplitude of liquid sloshing is reduced. When the solid ratio is smaller or the liquid depth increases, the impact load of liquid on the wall is stronger, and the double peak of impact load is more obvious. This provides a reference for the engineering design of the liquid tank and the study of fluid sloshing damping.