Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been extensively evolved for the past two decades in order to improve their cell performance. From the commercialization point of view, the overall solar to electrical energy conversion efficiency should compete with other solar cells. But, due to structural restrictions of DSSC using the liquid electrolyte and a space requirement between two electrodes, the direct tandem construction of DSSCs by stacking of repeating units is highly limited. In this feature article, important research trials to overcome these barriers and a recent research trend to improve the light harvesting strategies mainly panchromatic engineering, various tandem approaches such as parallel tandem, series tandem, p-n tandem etc., have been briefly reviewed.
Flexible perovskite solar cells (FPSCs) have various applications such as wearable electronic textiles and portable devices. In this work, we demonstrate FPSCs on a titanium metal substrate employing solution-processed silver nanowires (Ag NWs) as the top electrode. The Ag NW electrodes were deposited on top of the spiro-MeOTAD hole transport layer by a carefully controlled spray-coating method at moderate temperatures. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached 7.45 % under AM 1.5 100 mW cm(-2) illumination. Moreover, the efficiency for titanium-based FPSCs decreased only slightly (by 2.6 % of the initial value) after the devices were bent 100 times. With this and other advances, fully solution-based indium-free flexible photovoltaics, advantageous in terms of price and processing, have the potential to be scaled into commercial production.
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