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An intestinal perforation is not an uncommon complication during the course of typhoid fever. We report an occurrence of multiple typhoid perforations in twenty-one year old identical twin brothers which took place at two day interval and pursued a lethal course. We present our experience to support the occurrence of high concordance amongst monozygotic twins.

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ophthalmologic examination was carried out from March 2008 to April 2010 comparing with a control group that did not receive oral glucose solution. Pain was evaluated by Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) immediately before and immediately after the ophthalmologic examination in both groups. Results 124 patients who were examined for the first time for ROP were included (70 in intervention and 54 in control groups). Prior to examination, mean NIPS scores were 0.8±0.8 and 1.2±1.2 (P=0.100) in newborns of intervention and control groups respectively, and after examination mean NIPS scores were 2.6±1.1 and 4.5±1.3 (P<0.001) in intervention and control groups respectively. The number of patients with pain prior the eye examination was one (1.4%) and 2 (3.7%) in intervention and control groups (P=0.580) respectively. After eye examination 11 patients with pain (NIPS≥4) in intervention group (15.7%) and 37 patients with pain (68.5%) in control group (P<0.001). Conclusions One ml of oral 25% glucose solution given 2 minutes before the ophthalmologic examination for ROP is an effective measure for pain relief. (clinicaltrials.gov. NCT00648687).

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