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Objectives In this comprehensive study, we aimed to investigate pharmacological properties and therapeutic significance of saffron in osteosarcoma cancer cells. Methods Plant materials were obtained from Safranbolu district of Karabuk, Turkey. For the determination of anticancer properties, thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability, colony formation, wound closure, DNA ladder assays and gene expression analysis by real‐time PCR were performed. Also, cellular inflammation, total antioxidant and oxidants status were determined. Key findings Dichloromethane and hexane extracts of saffron were significantly inhibited cell proliferation and interfered with colony forming and migration capabilities of U2‐OS osteosarcoma cancer cells. Also, both extracts induced the activation of tumour suppressor CDKN2B gene and altered cellular morphology resembling the induction of apoptosis. However, DNA fragmentation was not observed after extract treatments. Saffron was also found to have no significant effect on cellular inflammation. Unexpectedly, both dichloromethane and hexane extracts of saffron had no marked effect on cellular total antioxidant and oxidant status. Lastly, vanillic acid, resveratrol, caffeic acid and 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid were found to be highly rich in our extracts. Conclusions Findings of this study demonstrated significant antiproliferative and antitumorigenic properties of saffron in osteosarcoma.

This study aims to investigate the awareness and knowledge level of patients about the use of herbal products in dentistry. Materials and Methods: Present study was carried out on a total of 200 patients who applied to the Faculty of Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic in 2020. Data were collected using questionnaires. Herbal product usage levels, attitudes towards phytotherapy and general opinions of the patients were evaluated. Results: Herbal products used for oral and dental health were found to be at lower levels than herbal products used in the prevention or treatment of other diseases. The patients preferred these products for halitosis and wounds. The most commonly used plants for oral health were mint, clove, thyme and black mulberry. Conclusion:The results of present study showed that patients are willing to use herbal products. This result suggests that it would be beneficial for dentists to integrate phytotherapy into treatment protocols.

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