Organizational memory has been found among the organization’s characteristics outlined through organizational learning and knowledge management literature in the last three decades. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the nature, the place, and the role of the organizational memory from an examination of the literature starting with the year 1991, when Walsh and Ungson published, in a reference work for researchers, the first major contribution to the development of the concept. Our analysis has found 213 papers that from their title appeared to be dedicated to the study of the organizational memory, revealing three approaches towards the definition of the memory: based on the content, the structure, or hybrid (content and structure).