Objective. To determine the relationship between the height of the periapical lesions adjacent to the maxillary sinus and the thickness of the Schneider membrane evaluated with cone-beam tomography. Materials and Methods. The universe was made up of 2432 tomography scans and a sample of 976, by systematic random sampling, and took into account those that presented any of the variables and/or both. For the relationship analysis, the sample was distributed according to sex, maxillary side, and age; it was formed between 18 and 86 years, in age groups of 18–36 years, 37–48 years, 49–59 years, and 60–86 years. The quantitative variables of the statistic descriptive analysis, hypothesis tests, and Spearman correlation were recorded. Results. A significantly low correlation (p<0.010) was observed between the periapical lesions and the thickness of the Schneider membrane in women (rho = 0.38) and men (rho = 0.32); in the same way, a significantly low correlation was observed in the age groups of 18–36 years (rho = 0.27) and 37–48 years (rho = 0.28), while a significantly moderate correlation was observed in the age groups of 49–59 years (rho = 0.45) and 60–86 years (rho = 0.44), and with respect to the sides, a significantly low correlation (rho = 0.28) was obtained for the right side and a significantly moderate correlation (rho = 0.45) was obtained on the left side. Conclusion. We found that the height of the periapical lesions and the thickness of the Schneider membrane are significantly related according to age, sex, and maxillary side, this relationship being accentuated at an older age and on the left side.

Introducción. La caries dental es una condición causada por la interacción de múltiples factores, entre ellos la dieta, ya que, con frecuencia, de ella depende el desarrollo del medio biológico propicio para el metabolismo bacteriano cariogénico. Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de experiencia de caries en preescolares de Huaura, Perú, y confirmar si hay una asociación con el pH salival y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de los preescolares, y con el nivel de conocimiento en salud oral de uno de sus padres. Materiales y métodos. Estudio no experimental, correlacional y transversal realizado en 126 preescolares distribuidos equitativamente en 3 grupos etarios (3, 4 y 5 años). La asociación entre experiencia de caries y las variables consideradas se determinó mediante la prueba de independencia de chi cuadrado, con un nivel de confianza del 95% y error tipo I del 5%; además, se realizó un análisis de regresión logística múltiple para calcular la probabilidad de ocurrencia de experiencia de caries en relación con cada factor de riesgo. Resultados. La prevalencia de experiencia de caries fue de 80.2% (IC:73.2%-87.2%); además, el pH salival (p=0.012) y nivel de conocimiento de los padres (p<0.001) se asociaron significativamente con la experiencia de caries. En cuanto al análisis de regresión múltiple, se obtuvo un OR=0.12 (IC95%:0.02-0.63) para el pH y un OR=0.50 (IC95%:0.35-0.74) para el nivel de conocimiento en relación con la probabilidad de tener experiencia de caries. Conclusión. El nivel de conocimiento sobre salud oral de los padres y los niveles altos de pH salival de los preescolares fueron factores protectores frente a la experiencia de caries en la población de estudio. Por otra parte, no se encontró una asociación entre IMC y experiencia de caries en los preescolares de 5 años.

The objective was to evaluate the sociodemographic factors associated with the level of knowledge of early puerperal women about oral health prevention in infants. This cross-sectional and analytical study evaluated 303 early puerperal women from a hospital in the Peruvian capital. A validated 18-question questionnaire was used to measure the level of knowledge. A logistic regression model was used to evaluate the influence of age, marital status, educational level, number of children, monthly income, and having a dentist as a family member. A significance of p < 0.05 was considered. A total of 46.86%, 30.36%, and 22.77% of the puerperal had poor, fair, and good knowledge, respectively. The risk of having poor knowledge was two times higher (OR = 2.43; CI: 1.26–4.70) in early postpartum women aged 18 to 25 years than in those older than 35 years. Early postpartum women with no education, primary and secondary education were 11 times (OR = 11.76; CI: 2.41–57.43), 6 times (OR = 6.61; CI: 1.72–25.45), and 5 times (OR = 5.50; CI: 1.52–19.89), respectively, more likely to have significantly poor knowledge compared to those with university education. In conclusion, only a small minority of early postpartum women had a good knowledge of oral health prevention in infants aged 0 to 2 years. Younger and less educated puerperal were at greater risk of having little knowledge on this topic. Finally, not having basic education was the main risk factor identified.

Objetivo: evaluar el efecto antibacteriano del peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2) al 6 % comparado con hipoclorito de sodio (NaClO) al 1 % y al 2 %, sobre cepillos dentales inoculados con Streptococcus mutans atcc® 25175™. Materiales y métodos: estudio experimental in vitro, transversal y comparativo. Se utilizaron 60 cepillos dentales, divididos en 4 grupos de 15 cepillos cada uno. El número de muestra lo determinó la fórmula de comparación de medias, después de realizar un estudio piloto, y se seleccionaron por muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicaron las pruebas de normalidad de Shapiro-Wilk, y para la prueba de hipótesis, la U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: el H2O2 al 6 % presentó una media de crecimiento de 2 × 109 UFC/mL, lo que indica que su efectividad es mayor comparada con el NaClO al 1 %, que presentó una media de crecimiento de 4 × 109 UFC/mL, y esta es menor al NaClO al 2 %, que tuvo 0 UFC/mL de Streptococcus mutans (p = 0,004). Conclusión: el H2O2 al 6 % y el NaClO al 1 % y al 2 % evidenciaron efectividad antibacteriana, aun cuando fue el NaClO al 2 % el más efectivo.

Background Academic dishonesty is an intentional behavior that transgresses ethics in the teaching-learning process. The present study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the perception of university professors about academic dishonesty in dental students from two universities in the Peruvian capital. Methods This cross-sectional, analytical study evaluated 181 professors from two Peruvian universities between March and July 2022. A validated 28-item questionnaire was used to measure the perceived academic dishonesty of their students. A logit model was used to evaluate the influence of the variables gender, marital status, place of origin, academic degree, specialization, academic area, years of teaching experience, scientific publications, ethical training and university of origin, considering a significance level of p < 0.05. Results According to the median, professors perceived that their students sometimes had attitudes and motivations to commit academic dishonesty. The professors whose origin was the capital city were twice as likely to perceive dishonest attitudes in dental students as those whose origin was a province (OR = 2.04; 95% CI: 1.06–3.93). University professors in pre-clinical courses were 0.37 times less likely to perceive dishonest attitudes than those teaching in the dental clinic (OR = 0.37; CI: 0.15–0.91). University professors in basic science courses and professors in preclinical courses were 0.43 times (OR = 0.43; CI: 0.19–0.96) and 0.39 times (OR = 0.39; CI: 0.15–0.98) less likely to perceive dishonest motivations in their students compared to university professors in the dental clinic. Gender, marital status, academic degree, specialty, years of teaching experience, scientific publications and ethical training were not found to be influential factors (p > 0.05). Conclusion Although all university professors surveyed perceived dishonest attitudes and motivations in their students, university professors from the capital city perceived such attitudes more. In addition, being a preclinical university professor was a hindered factor for perceiving such dishonest attitudes and motivations. It is advisable to implement and constantly disseminate regulations that empower academic integrity as well as to manage a system for reporting misconduct and to make students aware of the impact of dishonesty in their professional training.