The aim of the study was to evaluate the historical building of the Old Town Hall of Košice city in terms of degradation processes of building materials. Regular maintenance, especially of historic buildings, is essential in terms of preserving the historic architectural heritage. Research was focused on selected parts of the basement of the historical construction with a special regard to the effect of humidity, salinity and carbonation of masonry structures. Samples were collected in the building basement and subsequently analysed in the laboratory. Chemical analysis of materials was performed by X–ray fluorescence analysis and the soluble salts were investigated by colorimetry. In addition, the content of sulphates was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Humidity of individual samples ranged from very low to very high, the highest values were measured around the perimeter of the room (positioning to the outside terrain). The carbonation ranged from grade III to IV, sulphates were detected in practically all samples. The results of study can help to design corrective measures.
The presented work aimed at analysis of elements in the soil and cementitious materials from the selected locations to study the presence of various microorganisms on the surface of buildings. The methodology of the sampling was focused on the interface of the construction containing cement and the soil around the construction in foundation. The chemical analysis by performing X-ray fluorescence analysis confirmed leaching of the element cations of the clinkers. During the carrying out the investigation of the soil, the results additionally showed exceeded limited values of some of the metals elements in the soil which is considered as an environment burden. Moreover, in this research some of the cultivated microorganisms swabbed from the surfaces of the buildings from 14 selected locations are mentioned. These outputs gradually generate the image of the environmental conditions for cementitious materials of selected location in Košice.
The presented work focuses on the predominant microorganisms on the interface of cementitious materials and soils from different localities. Soils contain microorganisms that can affect the underground concrete structure positively or negatively. Different types of microorganisms are adapted to the environmental conditions depending on the quality and quantity of elements in the soil. Methodology of the work was based on screening 5 selected localities in the Košice city from which soil was taken in the nearness and in the contact with the concrete structure. These samples were further analysed. In this paper the presence of bacteria in the soil around the construction is confirmed.
The aim of the present work is to provide an overview of the predominant microorganisms that effects structures of cementitious composites, which lead to biocorrosion, subsequently to the degradation of cementitious materials. Research is done by sampling of specimens taken from selected parts of the city of Košice. The sampling was mainly focused on insulated apartment panel buildings, part of the specimens was taken from uninsulated concrete and masonry plastered surfaces. Specimens were taken with sterile lab tubes, scalpels, and swabs by using dry, semi-dry and wet methods. The specimens were preserved in the cold place until their performance for the cultivation process. For cultivation purposes were important to prepare basal media for specimens of microorganisms and proceed isolation of cultures and their cultivation on appropriate media, identification of individual cultures. Data obtained after cultivation confirmed presence of predominant fungi genus such as Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Eutypella, Penicillium, Rhodotorula, Mucor, which create the ground for further research focused on the durability of cement paste based on secondary raw materials and their resistance against the predominant groups of microorganisms occurring in the objective location also by using extracts of several herbals as a prevention of microbial growth.
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