Introduction/Aim: Aim of the study was to investigate influence of the health
status as well as other contributing factors on perceived quality of life of
the older people in Belgrade. Methods: The survey was conducted in October
2019 on a representative sample of 764 people aged between 65 and 79 years
(X = 72.68 ? 7.11), (39.9% male and 60.1% female) living in Belgrade. The
research used a questionnaire developed on the basis of the World Health
Organization methodology for age friendly cities, aimed to explore 11 areas
important for the elderly. Results: Factor of physical accessibility of
community is highly significant [?2 (df = 3, n = 764) = 238.905; p < 0.001]
and explained 39.4% of variance of perceived quality of life, while
socio-economic factors show the same amount of variance, 35.0% [?2 (df = 3,
n = 764) = 207.571; p < 0.001]. Social environment explains 24.6% of
variance of perceived quality of life [?2 (df = 4, n = 764) = 140.242; p <
0.001]. Health status has greatest explanatory power regarding perceived
quality of life and explain as much as 46.7% of variance [?2 (df = 8, n =
764) = 292.083; p < 0.001]. When unique impact of health status on quality
of life is analyzed, when other variables are controlled, health status
explains 21.6% of variance in addition to variance explained by physical
accessibility, socio-economic status and social environment. Conclusion:
Although health status has the greatest impact on perceived quality of life
of older people, interventions on other life important domains such as
physical accessibility, socio-economic status and social environment could
have positive impact on perceived quality of life where health status alone
could not be improved.
Minimal general knowledge of the quality of life (QoL) of people with intellectual disabilities and mental health problems (ID/MHP) in Serbia exists at present. The outcomes of the deinstitutionalisation process of these groups, which began in 2015, are very questionable-many individuals have faced challenges, and very few have been deinstitutionalised to date. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of quality of life in the domain of social belonging/community integration, the differences in this domain between persons with ID/MHP living together in institutional residential arrangements and community settings, particularly in supported housing, and the differences in the same domain relating to the service provider (governmental/state-run or non-governmental sector). The results of the study indicate that the level of social belonging for this specific population is low, especially on indicators such as belonging to civic or community clubs or organisations, participating in events in the local community, and establishing friendships and emotional relationships. Users of services provided by the non-governmental sector show slightly higher scores in this domain compared to institutionalised users and users in supported housing. The organisational culture based on institutionalism is transferred to community services, leading to an inability to fulfil the basic principles of proclaimed deinstitutionalisation. The recommendations provided should enable the basing of support services for persons with ID/MHP on the principles of deinstitutionalisation while respecting their rights and facilitating their participation in local communities.
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