Vaccination is the assured way of gaining immunization against many life-threatening diseases. However, the vaccine outreaches in developing and undeveloped countries are very limited due to lack of proper management of the cold chain system. This paper presents a real-time data-centric cold chain monitoring system for the continuous monitoring of the vaccine distribution and transportation process. The proposed system provides the unique feature of creating and managing individual trips for vaccine transportation process along with the regular supervision of temperature and humidity of the carrier. Moreover, the hardware and software components for the system also track the location of the carrier. This proposed system can be particularly highly effective in increasing vaccine coverage in the remote regions. This is because the proposed system enables the remote monitoring of the entire process and ensure transparency in the distribution process.

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The development and implementation of automated system to monitor the temperature, humidity, and location of a vaccine carrier in real-time are presented in this paper. All the collected data are sent via SMS and also stored on an SD card to prevent the loss of any data. The weak power infrastructure is one of the challenges in the developing countries which brings into consideration the overall power management and power saving modes of the carrier. The monitoring system and vaccine carrier have been powered from the same source: by either using the vehicle battery or portable batteries. The current consumption of the individual components has been reduced up to 92% and the overall current consumption of the system has been reduced by 8%. Being able to monitor the vaccine storage conditions and the carrier location remotely in real-time, and maintaining low power consumption at the same time, would allow to reduce the vaccine wastage rates and can be very effective in increasing the vaccine outreach in developing and undeveloped countries.