Based on the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) model, the purpose of the current study is to investigate two types of privacy concerns, i.e., privacy concern abuse (PCA) and privacy concern finding (PCF), in relation to online collaborative learning (OCL). Further, another aim is to investigate knowledge-sharing perceptions (KSP) as a mechanism between PCA and PCF with OCL. A survey was used to collect the data from postgraduate university students in Pakistan. The hypothesized model was tested on 285 valid responses through SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. The findings show that PCA and PCF negatively and significantly influence OCL. Moreover, KSP mediates the relationship between PCA and PCF with OCL. Based on the results, the implications for teachers, students, and educational institutions are discussed.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the frequent congenital health issues in neonates. Early diagnosis is a key factor to combat this problem. This study aims to assess the frequency and common types of CHD among neonates presenting to a tertiary care hospital, Karachi. Patients and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of National Institute of Child Health (NICH), Karachi from March to September 2017. All neonates of gestational age ≥37 weeks with suspected CHD (presence of blue-tinged skin, i.e. cyanosis on routine clinical examination) were included. Information regarding presence of CHD and its types were collected along with the demographic characteristics and history of the patients. Results: Of 134, frequency of CHD was observed in 126 (94%) patients. Out of these 126 CHD patients, Ventricular septal defect (VSD) was observed in 49 (38.9%), patent ductal arteriosus (PDA) in 29 (23%), atrial septal defect (ASD) was observed in 19 (15.1%), Transposition of great arteries (TGA) in 18 (14.3%), and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) in 14 (11.1%) patients. A significant association of VSD was observed with neonatal age (p = <0.001), ASD with neonatal age (p = 0.037) and maternal age (p = 0.025), while TGA was found significantly associated with neonatal age (p<0.001). Conclusion: CHD was observed in majority of the suspected patients with VSD as commonest type of congenital heart diseases among neonates.

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This qualitative study indicates the perspective of Pakistani secondary school teachers on the meaning and importance of work in their lives. The data was collected through in-depth recorded semi-structured interviews from 17 secondary school teachers and were analysed using narrative analysis. After a two-stage coding, the themes that developed included the economic meaning of work, psychological meaning of work, changes that make work more meaningful and reasons why working has lost its meaning. Findings indicated that work is an innate character of humans and it’s the source of satisfaction. Still, if parents become part of the system, more teaching resources and techniques applied, teacher opinion given importance would give more meaning to teachers’ work. When management is not supportive, teachers face disrespect and do not get due appraisals, or a salary increase made teachers’ meaning of work lost. In this way, this research facilitates the educational administration and leaders to understand the teachers and their needs which would help them appreciate the teachers properly and provide them with the incentives they deserve. It would also enhance the quality of teachers’ work and the quality of education. It is found that the teachers would work more enthusiastically if their opinions were given importance.