No abstract

A cross sectional investigation was conducted on the major causes of kids' mortality in Adami Tulu Jiddo Kombolcha district from May 2009 to June 2010 to determine the mortality rate and to identify the potential causes of kids' mortality in Arsi-Bale kids. A combination of multistage and purposive sampling techniques was used to select the study areas while simple random sampling was adopted to select experimental goats. The result revealed that from a total of 536 kids born over 12 months period about 22.4% (n=120) kids were died. Internal parasite assessment was conducted to see the infection level of parasites infection both on adult and kids of Arsi-Bale goats. Accordingly fecal sample was directly collected from the rectum of the experimental animal and its result showed that from a total of 39 adults and 158 kids fecal sample collected 59.6% ( n=118) was positive and 40.4% (n=80) was negative. The types of internal parasites mostly observed on goats of the study sites were identified as Strongly (90.5%), Monesia (23.3%), Coccidian (8.6%), Fasciola (1.7%) and Ascaris (0.9%). From the positive fecal samples, 51.5% (n=61) is highly infected, 19.5. %( n=23) moderately infected and 28.8 % (n= 34) had low infestation. Diarrhea, diseases and/or internal parasites were responsible for death of kids. Therefore, systematic control of internal parasites and diseases and periodic vaccination of goats against the identified diseases should be in place to improve productivity of goats for economic return.

Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) was recognised on Bako Agricultural Research Farm, in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia, for the first time on 5 May 2011. The outbreak was investigated by combining recognition of clinical signs, post-mortem examination, mycoplasma isolation and serological testing using competitive enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA). The clinical cases were monitored for eight months; sick animals were treated with a range of antibiotics and isolated if necessary. The outbreak of CBPP was confirmed both bacteriologically and serologically and had spread to almost the entire herd (96.7%) within the eight-month observation period. Of the animals that recovered after antibiotic treatment, 12.3% fell sick again, showed typical signs of CBPP and were considered to be carriers. The role of treatment in the prevention of the spread of CBPP was minimal. Newly purchased animals that were not tested and quarantined before being introduced onto the farm were suspected to have been the most probable source of infection.