The incidence of bacteriaemia and bacteriogenic shock was studied in 2 series of patients undergoing urological procedures. In the first series (A), 52 of 4333 urological patients had symptoms of bacteriogenic shock. Twenty-five of these had a positive blood culture, giving an incidence of shock with proven bacteriaemia of 0.58%. In the second series (B) 628 patients had blood cultures taken after urological procedures with an incidence of bacteriaemia of 12.7%. Bacteriaemia is most common after prostatic surgery (transurethral prostatectomy 2.7%, retropubic, prostatectomy 37%, prostatic biopsy 20%), and is usually due to Esch. coli, Proteus species and Ps. aeruginosa. In hospital practice these organisms are unlikely to be sensitive to common antibiotics and initial therapy with an aminoglycoside is justified, while awaiting the results of blood culture.

Chronic patellar tendon ruptures are unusual and management of which is challenging. The management of a neglected, chronic patellar tendon rupture must address three difficulties: the proximally retracted patella, robust reconstruction of the patellar tendon, and the temporary protection of this repair. Here we would like to describe the advantages of reconstruction in a case of neglected patellar tendon rupture using hamstring grafts and ss wire augmentation, which allowed early range of motion and provided good functional outcome.

Background: Septic Arthritis occurring in infants necessitates early diagnosis and management to prevent irreversible joint destruction. Although Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest cause of pyogenic Septic Arthritis, it is important to identify the specific pathogen in order to start appropriate antibiotics. Salmonella induced Septic Arthritis is relatively rare in an immunocompetent child. Case presentation: In this case report we would like to present a case of salmonella induced Septic arthritis in an otherwise healthy one year old infant. Conclusion: Salmonella induced Septic arthritis cannot be ruled out especially in places where Enteric fever is endemic.