Syngnathid fish (pipefish and seahorses) are unique among teleost fish in that their ovary consists of a rolled sheet with germinal ridge(s) on the dorsal side running along the entire length of the sheet. A distinct difference is seen in the ovarian structure between polygamous Syngnathus pipefish and monogamous seahorses ( Hippocampus spp.), the former having one germinal ridge and the latter with two ridges. This study examined the ovarian structure and the mode of egg production in a monogamous pipefish Corythoichthys haematopterus . The ovary of C. haematopterus had two germinal ridges like that observed in monogamous seahorses. There were two distinct groups of follicles in the ovary, one being a cohort of extremely small follicles and the other a cohort of follicles developing and increasing in size with the passage of time. We suggest that the ovarian structure and the mode of egg production in this pipefish are adaptations to monogamy.

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Background Uterine inversion may cause massive hemorrhage, resulting in maternal deterioration and death. Replacement of the inverted uterus must be performed as soon as possible. As time passes, the inverted uterus becomes atonic and necrotic, and a surgical approach may be required. Case presentation A 27-year-old Japanese woman was admitted to our hospital 4 hours postpartum with increased hemorrhage after the replacement of an inverted uterus. Recurrent inversion was diagnosed, and though the atonic uterus was replaced again by the Johnson maneuver, hemorrhage persisted. Balloon tamponade was not successful in stopping the hemorrhage, and uterine artery embolization was performed. Bleeding resumed the next day on removal of the balloon, and hysterectomy was performed. Massive hemorrhage, coagulopathy, and uterine necrosis caused uterine atony, and the reperfused blood flow on replacement of the ischemic uterus increased hemorrhage. Conclusions Cases of uterine inversion with coagulopathy lasting for more than 4 hours may require a surgical intervention, and uterine replacement may have to be delayed until the maternal hemodynamic condition is stabilized. Uterine replacement under laparotomy may be also be considered due to the risk of increased hemorrhage.

We report on a 33-year-old woman who presented with swelling of the maxillary tuberosity. Leiomyosarcoma was histopathologically diagnosed on biopsy. A review of the literature is also provided.In April 2004, the patient visited a dental clinic because of gingival swelling around a right maxillary molar. Because the swelling around the right maxillary second molar was not improved by endodontic treatment, the patient was referred to our department on December M, 2004. At initial examination, bony enlargement of a right maxillary tuberosity was found. Orthopantomography revealed a mixed radiolucent/radio-opaque lesion involving the impacted third molar of the right maxilla. MR imaging showed heterogeneous signal intensity around the tooth. On March M, 2005, the lesion was diagnosed as a leiomyosarcoma on biopsy. On April 1, the tumor was surgically resected under general anesthesia. Thick and fascicular bundles of spindle cells with advanced atypia were recognized on examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Anti-smooth muscle actin and HHF 35 were positive in the tumor cells on immunostaining. These findings confirmed the pathological diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. At present, 11 months have passed since the operation, and neither recurrence nor metastasis has been detected.

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