Aim: In response to the introduction of an integrated dental education program at University of Malaya (UM) in 2011, a study was conducted to develop a caries risk assessment model (CRA) for use in non-surgical caries management for Year 3 and 4 students of the new integrated program. Methods: The CRA model was based on risk indicators used by dental students in the Preventive Dental Clinic (PDC). Patients aged 15 years and above who attended the PDC for the first time in year 2009 and 2010 were used as study sample. Four hundred and fourteen patient names were identified from the student PDC logbook. Of the 414, 359 dental records had complete data and included in the analysis. Data were analysed using SPSS version 17.0. Chi-square test was used for group comparison and associated factors for coronal caries were analysed using Multiple Logistic Regression (MLR). Results: The final model showed that adults, brushing teeth once daily, and not having dental prosthesis/appliance were 3.31 (CI=1.64-6.69), 2.53 (CI=1.19-5.40), and 2.25 (CI=1.25-4.10) more likely to develop coronal caries, respectively, than adolescents, brushing teeth at least twice a day, and having dental prosthesis/appliance. Conclusions: The results indicate that age group, toothbrushing frequency and dental prosthesis status are significant indicators for coronal caries among patients. Outcomes of the study contributed towards bridging the gap between cariology and preventive modules in the new integrated dental program.

Background: Ageing is an inevitable process with some specific and distinctive health problems. With increase in life expectancy the elderly population is increasing day by day, so is the concern for the different aspects of their health problems. Objectives: The present study was conducted to find out the proportion of morbidity and morbidity pattern among the elderly population (60 years and above) of a selected rural area of Bangladesh. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional type of descriptive study was conducted from January, 2019 to April, 2019. Two hundred and twenty one elderly people from Kaliakoir Upazilla under the district of Gazipur were interviewed. Data were collected by face to face interview through an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire. The study place was selected conveniently and the sampling technique was purposive type of non-probability sampling. Results: Out of 221 respondents 91% (201) had morbidity of any kind related to their health. Common forms of morbidities were musculoskeletal problems (50.3%), hypertension (43.8%), PUD and hyperacidity (27.4%), diabetes mellitus (21.4%) and respiratory problems (19.4%). The mean age of the respondents in this study was 64.97 (± 6.120) years. Maximum proportion (55.2%) belonged to the age group of 60 to 64 years. Among the total 221 respondents 55.7% were female and 44.3% were male. Morbidity among the males was 88.8% and among the females was 92.7%.Most (86.4%) of the respondents were Muslims. Majority (81%) of the respondents was married and only 19% were widow/ers. Fifty five percent of the respondents were literate having different levels of education. The most common occupation among the males was farmer (40%) and among the females was housewife (51.1%).The mean monthly family income was Tk.18,800(±Tk.19210.336) and majority (53.8%) belonged to middle income group (Tk.10001 to Tk.30000). Most (53.8%) of the respondents lived in joint family. Fifty two percent lived in semi pucca house, 78.7% used tube wells as their source of drinking water but unexpectedly 18.6% still used non-sanitary latrines. Out of 201 morbid respondents majority (60.2%) were diagnosed by MBBS doctors and 60.7% were diagnosed in government hospitals. Most (86.6%) of the respondents took some sort of treatment and 10% did not take any treatment. Remaining 3.5% took partial treatment. Most common form of treatment taken by the respondents was medicine (87.4%). Majority (60%) of 20 respondents who did not take any kind of treatment was due to poverty and rest 40% was due to negligence. Conclusion: To build up awareness and to explore the situation in detail, in-depth community based epidemiological study may be carried out. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2020, Vol.12(1); 27-32

not available J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2020, Vol.12(1); 1

Background: Breast milk is the only source of nutrition freely available to the newborn from the mother. Breast feeding is the fundamental right of every child. It is the safest, least allergic and best infant feeding method. Absence of breastfeeding significantly increases the risk for a large number of acute and chronic diseases. WHO recommends the practice of exclusive breastfeeding as an essential component of infant nourishment. This present study was conducted to find out the breastfeeding practice among the women of rural areas of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional type of descriptive study was carried out from October, 2015 to April, 2016 in Kaliakair Upazila under the district of Gajipur. Seven hundred and eighty mothers having children between 6-24 months’ age group were interviewed. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with the respondents through a pretested semi structured questionnaire. The study place was selected conveniently and the sampling technique was purposive type of non-probability sampling. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 24 (±4.493) years and the mean age of the children was 16.84 (±5.766) months. The majority (44%) of the respondents belonged to the education level of class VI-X. Most (93.6%) of the respondents were housewives. Around two-third (63.9%) of the mothers were from nuclear families while one-third (36.1%) were from joint families. Majority (55.4%) of the respondents were from middle income group (10,001- 30,000 Tk. monthly income). Among all, 91% had knowledge about the importance of breastfeeding. Most (98.8%) of the mothers breastfed their babies. Among the breastfed mothers, 55.6% practiced exclusive breastfeeding. And colostrum was given by 95.5% mothers. Lack of knowledge and superstition was the main causes not proving colostrum. Breastfeeding was started right after birth by 73.7% mothers while 24.3% started within 5 days. More than half of the mothers continued to breastfeed beyond 16 months. Among the mother without exclusive breastfeeding, 44.4% gave various types of additional food to their babies including powder milk (57%), cow's milk, shuji, water and some other food, the main reason for giving additional food was insufficiency of breast milk (82.2%). Most (90.6%) of the mothers started complimentary feeding between 6-10 months of age. Conclusion: In depth community based epidemiological studies may be carried out by covering the whole population to explore the situation in detail. JOPSOM 2020; 39(2): 50-58

Background: Children are very prone to accidents which more often occur in and around the house. These domestic accidents are one of the five leading causes of death in both industrialized and developing countries. Objectives: The present study was conducted to determine the proportion and pattern of domestic accidents among the under 15 children of rural areas of Bangladesh. Methodology: This cross-sectional type of descriptive study was carried out from October 2015 to May 2016. Parents of 735 children below 15 years of age from Kaliakair Upazilla under the district of Gazipur were interviewed through a pretested semi structured questionnaire. The study place was selected conveniently and the sampling technique was purposive type of nonprobability sampling. Results: The present study revealed that, about one fourth (23.4 %)of the 735children were affected by domestic accidents.Among them injuries from sharp objects and falls from heights were equal (33.1% each) and were the leading causes of domestic accidents. The next leading cause was due to burns (8.7%) and then burns from hot liquids were 7.6%,Injuries from blunt objects were 6.4% and drowning were 4.1%. Kerosene poisoning (0.6%), insect bites (0.6%) and snakebites (0.6%) had the lowest incidence. Majority (53.7%) of the children in this study were male and 46.3% were female and their mean age was 7.05 (±3.842)years. Mean age of the affected children was 7.66 (±3.583) years and age group of 7-9 years were largely (29.1%) affected.Male children were affected more (59.3%) than female children.The children of class IV were affected mostly (48.8%). Most of the children of the study as well as the affected children belonged to nuclear families (61.8% & 65.7% respectively). The mean monthly family income of the respondents was 17260.82 (± 12726.70)taka and that of the affected group was 17125(±13303.60)taka. Children living in semi pucca house affected by domestic accidents more (65.1%) than children living in other housing. Most (56.4%) of the accidents occurred in the surroundings of the house and the rest (43.6%) occurred inside the house. Maximum (32.55%) accidents took place in winter, whereas 30.23% in summer, 23.25% in the rainy season, 6.4% in autumn, 6.4% in late autumn, & 1.17% in spring. All the 7 cases of drowning occurred in rainy season. It was found that only 6.98% of affected children suffered from disabilities. Among the affected children 59.8% took treatment and 7% children took preventive measures. Conclusion: From this study it was concluded that nearly a quarter of the children were affected by domestic accidents and the leading causes of the accidents were injuries from sharp objects and falls from heights. To build up awareness and explore the situation in detail, in depth community based epidemiological study may be carried out by covering whole population. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2020; 12(2): 100-108