In recent years, much effort has been devoted to designing nanoparticle drug delivery systems and improving the efficacy of anticancer drugs. This study focused on the preparation of a novel biocompatible nanocarrier based on bacterial cellulose (BC) in the presence of exosome (Exo) for the controlled release of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), known as 5‐FU.Exo@BC. The physicochemical properties of 5‐FU.Exo@BC were thoroughly characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). These results confirmed the successful preparation of 5‐FU.Exo@BC. The release behavior of 5‐FU.Exo@BC compared with 5‐FU and 5‐FU@BC demonstrated a significant sustained release over 162 h. The release mechanism of the above three systems followed Korsmeyer‐Peppas with non‐Fickian diffusion for 5‐FU@BC and 5‐FU.Exo@BC. Furthermore, the viability of HT‐29 cells (human colon cancer cell lines) against BC, 5‐FU@BC and 5‐FU.Exo@BC indicated that 5‐FU has promising efficacy in 5‐FU.Exo@BC system. Subsequently, the prepared bio‐nanocomposite could be suggested as a potential drug delivery system with an effective controlled‐release function.

Designing of nanoparticle drug delivery systems and improving the efficacy of anticancer drugs are a great deal of effort in the recent years. In this study, a novel biocompatible nanocarrier based on bacterial cellulose (BC) in presence of exosome (Exo) was prepared to controlled release of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), (5-FU.Exo@BC). The physicochemical properties of 5-FU.Exo@BC was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques that confirmed the successful preparation of 5-FU.Exo@BC. The release behavior of 5-FU.Exo@BC compared to 5-FU and 5-FU@BC demonstrated a significant sustained release during 162 h. The release mechanism of the above three systems followed Korsmeyer-peppas with non-Fickian diffusion for 5-FU@BC and 5-FU.Exo@BC. In addition, the viability of HT-29 cells (human colon cancer cell line), towards BC, 5-FU@BC and 5-FU.Exo@BC indicated the promising efficacy of 5-FU into 5-FU.Exo@BC. Subsequently, the prepared bio-nanocomposite could be proposed as a potential drug delivery system with effective controlled-release function.