Fungi can be present on various substrates in the surrounding environment. The presence of these molds takes advantage of the nutrients that are attached to or contained in the substrate. The purpose of this study was to isolate and obtain various types of molds from various substrates. The method used in this study is a contact plate by attaching it to various objects or substrates, namely leaf litter, composter walls, tables, glass, and cabinets. The fungi obtained were 6 isolates, including those from the genus Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia, and Alternaria,

The presence of molds in the environment around us can be beneficial or detrimental. Mold can be found in various places, including soil, air, plants, animals, water, and on material surfaces. One of the roles of mold is as a bio-degradator and biodeterioration agent on materials that are still used, so that it will cause harm to humans. This study aims to isolate and characterize the types of molds that exist on the surface of existing materials in the biology laboratory environment of Diponegoro University with the contact plate method. The method used is to attach a contact plate containing PDA to various materials such as tables, chairs, cabinets, and so on, then observe the macroscopic and microscopic morphology. The results obtained were five genera, there are Aspergillus, Penicillium, Eurotium, Rhizopus, and Absidia.

Potato is one of the common plants cultivated in Indonesia and used as a food ingredient besides rice. One of the pathogens that can attack potatoes is Fusarium. Farmers usually use synthetic fungicides to inhibit Fusarium infection, but this method is not environmentally friendly. One of the countermeasures for Fusarium can be done with the antagonistic fungus Trichoderma. This study aims to examine the antagonistic of Trichoderma spp. toward isolate Fusarium spp. from potato plants showing wilting symptoms. The method was carried out by isolating the fungus from potatoes with wilting symptoms, identifying it, and testing 4 Trichoderma strains using a double culture method. The fusarium obtained was identified as F. begoniae, F. foetens, F. mooniliforme, and F. oxysporum. A total of 2 Trichoderma strains originating from litter and trash cans were able to inhibit all Fusarium tests on day 2 and achieve 100% growth inhibition on day 4, while the other 2 Trichoderma strains only showed inhibition on day 4 to day 7. Further tests are needed to understand the mechanism of Fusarium attack, and to identify the antifungal compounds produced by Trichoderma.