microRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of short noncoding RNAs are crucial molecules in transcriptional and translational regulation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Evidence showed there was an association between the miRNA polymorphisms and various cancers, including papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The present study aims to evaluate the possible effects of let7a‐2 rs1143770 and pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723 polymorphisms on PTC susceptibility. A total of 120 patients with PTC and 130 age, sex, and race matched controls were enrolled in the case‐control study. The polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used for genotyping of let7a‐2 rs1143770 and pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723 polymorphisms. The let7a‐2 rs1143770 CT and TT genotypes were associated with a 1.9‐fold and 2.2‐fold higher risk of PTC, respectively (P = 0.027 and P = 0.041). Moreover, the let7a‐2 rs1143770 polymorphism was associated with increased PTC risk in both dominant (2‐fold, P = 0.015) and the allelic model (1.5‐fold, P = 0.03). The frequency of pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723TC genotype was significantly higher in patients with PTC and associated with a two‐fold higher risk of PTC (P = 0.013). In addition, this polymorphism was associated with a 1.8‐fold increased risk of PTC in dominant model (P = 0.021). The let7a‐2 rs1143770CT genotype was associated with a 3.5‐fold increased risk of N1 stage in PTC patients (P = 0.04), however, pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723TC genotype was associated with a 3.4‐fold and 5.1‐fold increased risk of III‐IV stage and vascular invasion in PTC group, respectively (P = 0.04 and P = 0.04). In conclusion, the present study shows that let7a‐2 rs1143770 and pri‐mir‐34b/c rs4938723 polymorphisms could be susceptible factors for PTC and some clinical features.

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Several lines of evidences have indicated that inflammation play an important role in the carcinogenesis. During the inflammatory processes, free radical species are produced from oxidative stress. In normal conditions, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants remove these products. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), glutathione peroxidase‐1 (GPx‐1), and catalase (CAT) are three important enzymes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of MnSOD (SOD2), GPX‐1, and CAT genetic polymorphisms on papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) susceptibility. A total of 134 patients with PTC and 151 healthy controls were recruited to participate in this study. All samples were genotyped for SOD2 rs4880, GPX1 1050450, and CAT rs7943316 polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The frequencies of the rs1050450, rs4880, and rs7943316 alleles and genotypes were not different between PTC patients and controls. However, the TC genotype of SOD2 rs4880 polymorphism was significantly higher in males compared to that in females in PTC patients (odds ratio [OR], 3.9 [95% CI, 1.5–11], p = .007). The rs4880 polymorphism was also associated with higher stages (III‐IV) of PTC in dominant model. No significant correlation was found between GPX1‐rs1050450 and CAT‐rs7943316 polymorphisms and demographic, clinical, and pathological features of the disease. The SOD2 rs4880CT genotype was more frequent in males with PTC and patients with higher stages (III–IV) of disease (OR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.1–7.7], p = .04). However, no significant association was found between GPX1‐rs1050450 and CAT‐rs7943316 variants and PTC or its demographic, clinical, and pathological features.

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