This study focuses on the management of productive zakat in Rumah Zakat
AbstrakThe discourse surrounding the theory maqâshid syarî"ah is still worth doing it aims to understand who far Islamic ashliyah (origin destination) wa al-maqâshid al-tabi'iyyah (destination followers), sukut al-syâri" (silence syâri"), al-istiqra' (theory of induction), looking for clues of the Companions of the Prophet. For operating of ijtihad al-maqâshidy, Syathibi requires four conditions as follows: texts and laws depending on the goal, collecting between kulliyât al-'âmmah and specific arguments, bring benefit and prevent damage to the absolute and considering the result of a law.Perbincangan seputar teori maqâshid syarî"ah hingga kini masih layak untuk dilakukan hal ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana syariat Islam sejalan dengan kemajuan zaman. Teori maqâshid syarî"ah Syathibi secara global didasarkan pada dua hal yaitu masalah ta"lil (penetapan hukum berdasarkan illat), dan almashâlih wa al-mafâsid (kemashlahâtan dan kerusakan). Selanjutnya ia menjelaskan cara untuk mengetahui maqâshid dengan enam cara yaitu: tujuan syariah harus sesuai dengan bahasa arab, perintah dan larangan syarî"ah dipahami sebagai ta"lil (mempunyai illat) dan dzahiriyah (teks apa adanya), maqâshid al-ashliyah (tujuan asal) wa al-maqâshid al-tabi'iyyah (tujuan pengikut), sukut al-syâri" (diamnya syâr"i), al-istiqra" (teori induksi), mencari petunjuk para sahabat Nabi. Untuk operasionalisasi ijtihad al-maqâshidy, Syathibi mensyaratkan empat syarat sebagai berikut: teks-teks dan hukum tergantung pada tujuannya, mengumpulkan antara kulliyât al-'âmmah dan dalil-dalil khusus, mendatangkan kemashlahâtan dan mencegah kerusakan secara mutlak dan mempertimbangkan akibat suatu hukum. Keywords: Maqâshid, Syarî"ah, Syathibi PendahuluanSecara etimologi, maqâshid syarî"ah merupakan istilah gabungan dari dua kata: almaqâshid dan al-syarî"ah. Maqâshid adalah bentuk plural dari maqshud, qashd, maqshd atau qushûd yang merupakan derivasi dari kata kerja qashada yaqshudu, dengan beragam makna seperti menuju suatu arah, tujuan, tengah-tengah, adil dan tidak melampaui batas, jalan lurus, tengah-tengah antara berlebih-lebihan dan kekurangan.
<p><em>Ibnu Ashur is a contemporary figure of maqasid syariah which born in Tunisia. He was complement and continues of maqasid concept which previously created by imam al Shatibi, al Ghazali, Izzudin bin Abd. Salam, Ibnu Taymiyah, Ibnu Qayyim al Jauziyah, and another. By Ibnu Ashur, maqasid syariah easily practice in contemporary problems so that Islamic law still suitable with period or be up to date or in Arabic we can call salihun li kulli zaman wa al makan. There are few reform used by Ibnu Ashur in maqasid syariah for instance all discipline law are good characteristic is muamalah (transaction) or ibadah (religious service), all has illat (reason). For implementation maqasid theory by three steps: maqam khitab al syar’iy (situation dan condition of khitab syar’iy), al tamyiz baina al wasilah wa al maqshud (differentiate between infrastructure and purpose), istiqra’ (induction). Maqasid syariah theory by Ibnu Ashur however, globallly based on maqashid al ammah and maqashid al khasah. However, foundation thought for decide maqasid using by fitrah, maslahah, and ta’lil. For knowing something that has benefit or not, he was classified it by three categories benefit for community, benefit for group or person, and realize necessary.</em></p>
Pesantren in Indonesia plays significant role in realizing the freedom of Indonesia and developin Islam. Nevertheless, its character is still ethico religious with the orientation of students’ personality dimension building from religious supervision (diniyyah tahzibiyyah) and spiritual and mental supervision (Khalqiyyah). During its development, Pesantren is demanded to strengthen spiritual values internalization (‘ubudiyyah). It is also a demand for its students to enrich responsibility values, rationality and problem solving skill. It is also a undeniable demand for pesantren to contribute the recent situation including its challenge. Otherwise, it does not merely focus on education to create scholars but also to crate skillful people that can contribute to the surrounding. This paper will discuss another side of Pesantren’s role in this contemporary era.<br />Sejak zaman pra kemerdekaan hingga kini, pesantren di Indonesia memerankan peranan yang signifikan baik dalam langkah mewujudkan kemerdekaan maupun perkembangan agama Islam. Namun misi pesantren selama ini lebih bercorak ethico religious dengan orientasi pembentukan dimensi kepribadian anak didik baik dari segi pembinaan agama (diniyyah tahzibiyyah) dan pembinaan jasad, akal dan jiwa (Khalqiyyah). Pada perkembangannya, pesantren selain dituntut untuk memperkuat penanaman nilainilai spiritual (‘ubudiyyah) kepada para santri, juga dituntut untuk memperkaya penanaman aspek tanggung jawab, rasionalitas dan pemecahan masalah. Pesantren di era modern dituntut untuk bisa menjawab tantangan zaman dan tidak hanya berkutat pada dunia pendidikan dalam arti hanya mencetak ilmuwan tetapi juga mencetak tenaga-tenaga terampil dan juga memberi manfaat pada lingkungan sekitar. Tulisan ini akan mendskusikan sisi lain dari peran pesantren pada era kontemporer ini.<br />
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