Background/Objective: The National Kidney Foundation Kidney disease outcomes quality initiative guidelines suggest that the creation of more native arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) would improve the quality of life of end stage renal failure patients. However, the ability to comply with this suggestion is affected by the failure rate of AVFs mainly due to thrombosis. Heparin is a well-accepted treatment to prevent thrombosis in general but has not been suggested in arteriovenous fistula. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of intraoperative systemic heparin on the thrombosis rate and associated morbidities over a duration of six weeks.

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