A literature review on measurements of drop size distribution in liquid−liquid dispersion produced in a stirred vessel is presented in this work. The methods of measurement can be classified into in situ and external measurement. Two main groups of measurement techniques, namely, a laser system and image analysis, are reviewed. Several issues regarding the applications of the techniques and possible ways to overcome the problems are discussed. The suitability of different techniques depends on the operating conditions and properties of the drops. Laser systems provide fast in situ measurements which are useful for online monitoring and detecting process changes but unable to deliver reliable drop size and distribution values. In situ image analysis techniques could give accurate measurement of drop size, but a long time is required to analyze drops from a large number of images. However with development of automated image analysis, analysis time can be reduced. Therefore real-time monitoring and process control by image analysis techniques can be possible.

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Experimental investigation was conducted on a liquid–liquid dispersion in a stirred vessel in which the effects of dispersed phase viscosity were studied. Different grades of silicone oils were used to create oil-in-water dispersion by using Rushton turbine as an impeller, and drop sizes were measured by laser diffraction technique. Dispersion with higher uniformity of drop sizes was produced at low viscosity and high impeller speed. The dispersed phase viscosity influenced the equilibrium Sauter mean diameter, d 32 by contributing to drops stabilization. The decrement of d 32 with an increase in impeller speed is larger for high dispersed phase viscosities. It shows the influence of number and size of drop fragments formed after drop breakup on the mean drop size. Correlations relating d 32 and dispersed phase viscosity were proposed with an accuracy of more than 90% between the predicted and experimental values.