This research aims to investigate the absolute competence in the fields of alms in the Religious Court in Indonesia. The method used in this research is normative juridical research with the type of prescriptive analysis of research, namely studying the purpose of the law, the values of justice, the validity of the rule of law, legal concepts, and legal norms. This research found that the case of alms has never appeared. It can happen because alms cases are resolved through non-litigation. The settlement of alms disputes has likely been completed up to the zakat management institution's level, and alms has become part of Islam's teachings. It is necessary o cooperate with other institutions in resolving it legally. Besides that, there is a need for legislation that provides opportunities to solve alms' problem does not clash with its legal aspects.
Dilalah Manthuq dan Mafhum mempunyai pengaruh yang sangat besar dalam pemahaman al-Qur'an. Maka seorang Mufassir harus menguasinya, pengaruhnya dapat membuat penafsiran berbeda. Tanpa menguasai dilalah manthuq dan mafhum akan menjadikan penafsiran tidak kredibel, tidak akan mengerti dengan teks dan tekstual. Memahami dilalah manthuq, dan mafhum bisa menjadi hujjah. Dalam kajian dilalah mafhum dan manthuq akan berpengaruh dalam pemahaman ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yaitu penelitian dengan mengacu pada kitab tafsir, ulumul qur'an, ushul fiqh sebagai sumber primer dan buku-buku lain yang ada kaitannya penelitian ini sebagai sumber sekunder. Dalam mengolah data yang diperoleh dari kepustakaan, penulis menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan bentuk analisis induktif dan deduktif. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Penafsiaran ayat al-Ahkam ditinjau dari dilalah manthuq dan mafhum. Dari hasil penelitian bahwa Dilalah adalah sesuatu yang dapat dijadikan petunjuk atau alasan. Sedangkan secara terminologi berarti penunjukan suatu lafal kepada maknanya dilālah terbagi menjadi manthuq dan mafhum. Manthuq terbagi menjadi nash, zhahir, muawwal sedangkan mafhum terbagi menjadi mafhum muwafaqah dan mafhum mukhalafah. Mafhum muwafaqah terdiri atas dua yaitu lahn al-Khitab dan fahwa al-Khitab. Sedangkan Mafhum Mukhalafah terdiri atas mafhum al-Shifah, mafhum al-ghayah, mafhum syarat, mafhum al-'adad, mafhum al-laqab dan mafhum illat.
This research was conducted to describe and also analyze the facts regarding guardianship in carrying out their functions and responsibilities as guardians of children who have not yet been in high school. This study uses normative juridical approach, using the statue approach with analytical descriptive method. The results of this study that a guardian for a child has an obligation and responsibility in his care, both in managing the wealth of children under guardianship, education and the survival of children up to adulthood, namely when they are 21 or married. property rights not only include material things, but also include things that are immaterial, as long as this immaterial thing has economic value. According to Islamic law which is the basis of guardianship in stipulating the provisions of guardianship and law, it is always based on the Qur'an remembering how important it is to safeguard property, especially to the assets of orphans.
Tulisan ini akan membahas sebuah kaidah penafsiran ayat Al-Quran. Tulisan ini berangkat dari pemahaman mengenai Al-Quran yang diyakini oleh semua orang Islam sebagai pedoman dan pegangan hidup. Namun diantaranya terdapat ayat-ayat yang dapat dipahami maknanya dengan mudah dan bisa langsung dijadikan pedoman dan pegangan dalam kehidupan. Terdapat pula ayat-ayat yang tidak serta merta dapat dipahami melainkan harus melalui pemikiran dan penafsiran yang membuat ayat tersebut tidak bisa langsung dijadikan pedoman dan pegang dalam kehidupan. Hal tersebut yang akan menjadi objek penulisan makalah ini dengan ruang lingkup pembahasan seputar Ayat Muhkam dan ayat Mutasyabih. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode library research dengan proses analisis deskriptif. Penulisan ini menghasilkan sebuah temuan bahwa Ayat Muhkam yaitu ayat yang memeiliki makna yang jelas. Adapun ayat Mutasyabih yaitu ayat yang memiliki makna samar, yang harus dilakukan takwil agar dapat mengetahui makna sebenarnya. Dalam Al-Quran, diantara ayat Muhkam terdapat pada ayat mengenai Aqidah dan Akhlaq, adapun diantara ayat Mutasyabih terdapat pada ayat Muqothoah sebagai pembuka surat. Pemahaman tentang ayat tersebut memiliki beberapa perbedaan pendapat di kalangan ulama, baik dari segi pengertian, kriteria, maupun pengambilan petunjuk dari ayat-ayat tersebut.
In the texts, namely the Al-Quran and hadith, many provisions are developed from the text itself, one of which is the rules of fiqh. There are many discussions of fiqh principles related to the muamalah contract and discussions outside the contract, such as usury. There are many verses of the Koran and hadiths that prohibit people from practicing usury so that usury is categorized as a grave sin and mujma’ ‘alaih. This paper briefly explains the rules of fiqh about usury. This study aims to understand the community of borrowing and borrowing or what kind of debt is categorized as usury. This article uses a qualitative approach that is the library in nature. The data in this study come from books and journals related to the topics discussed, namely the rules of furu’ fi al-riba. The data analysis technique used was data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the analysis show that muamalah transactions in any form are not prohibited, but muamalah transactions that are prohibited are muamalah transactions that contain elements of usury.
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