Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare and an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a distinctive clinicobiological features. As a result of the rarity of this malignancy, the overwhelming majority of data come from a case reports or series. Our study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and the survival outcomes of 105 patients with PEL who diagnosed between 2001 and 2012 from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database 18 of the US National Cancer Institute. The Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed and the multivariate Cox model was built to identify survival prognostic factors. Of the total 105 patients, the median age at diagnosis was 41 years (male-to-female ratio, 8.5:1), and Caucasian race accounted for 79%.Regarding the diagnostic methods, diagnosis has been established by histology in 39 patients (36.8%) and cytology in 54 patients (51.4%). Ann Arbor staging showed that 65% of the patients had advanced stages (stages III and IV) at time of diagnosis. With a median follow-up of 4 months, 82 patients (78%) had died at last follow-up time, of which 40 patients (58.5%) died due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related complications and 21 patients (25.6%) due to PEL progression. The HIV-related death accounted for 69% of deaths in a black American compared with 55.5% in Caucasian. With a median overall survival (OS) of 4.8 months, the 1-, 3-, and 5-yearOS rates were 30%, 18%, and 17%, respectively. In univariate analysis, age, gender, marital status, and year of diagnosis had no impact on OS. The 1-year OS rate was 25% in advanced stages compared with 52% in early stages. In a multivariate model adjusted for demographic data, the risk of mortality in advanced stages (stages III and IV) was 1.86-fold higher than those reported in early stages (Hazard Ratio, 1.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-3.29; P = .03). In conclusion, PEL has a poor survival regardless, age, gender, marital status, and tumor stage. ;35:878-883.wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/hon P = .03) ( Table 1).The OS in PEL depends on the number/site of affected cavities 9 and patient's performance status and if the patient is undergoing HAART. 11Multiple sites of effusion (>1 cavity) were demonstrated in 31% to 54% of PEL cases (most common pleural), 7,[9][10][11] which have a prognostic role. 9 Patients with PEL with more than 1 body cavity involved had poorer median OS than patients with only 1 cavity involved (4 vs 18 months). 9 The patients with marked thrombocytopenia at the time of PEL diagnosis deteriorated more rapidly than the others. 34In conclusion, PEL has a poor survival (median OS, 4.8 months; 5-year OS of 17%) regardless of patient's demographics and year of diagnosis. Late disease stages had an unfavorable prognosis (HR, 1.8; P = .03). The mortality in PEL was 78%; 58.5% was due to HIV-related complications and 25.6% was due to PEL progression. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThis work was not funded.

Objective: To determine the survival outcome and prognostic factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) survival in patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database was queried: There were 2588 HCC patients from 2004 to 2012 who underwent RFA. The Kaplan-Meier curves and the multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to assess the prognostic factors. Results: With a median follow-up of 20 months, the 1-, 3-and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were: 83%, 51% and 33%. Patients with a tumor size 5 cm in diameter had a better 5-year OS, as compared to patients with a tumor size >5 cm. The 5-year OS was significantly higher among patients with a normal level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), compared with those having elevated AFP. In an adjusted multivariate Cox regression analysis, those with !60 years of age (HR: 1.19; 95% CI 1.05-1.36), non-Asian race (HR: 1.53; 95% CI 1.30-1.81), tumor size >5 cm (HR: 1.43; 95% CI 1.24-1.65), elevated AFP (HR: 1.42; 95% CI 1.22-1.64), American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages II-III (HR: 1.30; 95% CI 1.14-1.48) and the year of diagnosis from 2004-2007 (HR: 1.22; 95% CI 1.07-1.40) were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. Conclusions: Age, race, tumor size, AFP level, AJCC stage and year of diagnosis were prognostic factors for OS in HCC patients who underwent RFA.

ObjectiveTo define nomograms for blood pressure in Egyptian children and adolescents.Methods and study designA total of 60 025 Egyptian children from birth to 19 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional randomised study from December 2015 to March 2017. They were selected from diverse geographical districts in Egypt. Healthy children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria, which included good nutritional history, absence of fever or documented underlying disease at the time of examination, no evidence of haemodynamically significant illness, and no antihypertensive drugs or other chronic drug administration, were included in the study. Body weight, recumbent length (for less than 24 months) and height (from 2 years to 19 years), and blood pressure were measured using standard mercury sphygmomanometers.ResultsBlood pressure increases with age in both boys and girls. The 90th percentile of systolic and diastolic blood pressure among Egyptian children was different from other ethnic populations (American and Turkish children) in both sexes. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed a positive correlation with weight and height in both sexes (p<0.001).ConclusionWe assumed that normal blood pressure curves should be used cautiously during childhood, and it is recommended that every population have its own normal standard curve to define measured blood pressure levels in children. These centiles increased our knowledge and awareness of normal blood pressure among Egyptian children and adolescents. The percentiles will distinguish children and young adolescents with increased blood pressure and will be of value to both medical practice and scientific research.

Background and Aims: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the liver is a rare lymphoid malignancy, accounting for less than 1% of extranodal lymphomas.Methods: I conducted an analysis of the U.S Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to evaluate the histological subtypes and the survival outcomes of 785 cases with hepatic NHL between 1973 and 2012.Results: There were 785 of 312 459 cases with NHL had a first primary hepatic NHL (0.25%). Of the total 785 cases, the median age at diagnosis was 61 years (range 3–95 years) and male-female ratio of 1.7:1. The most common subtype was diffuse large B cell lymphoma (63.2%). In all patients, the median overall survival (OS) was 33 months (95%CI, 22–48 months). The 5-year OS rate for indolent B-cell NHLs was 62%, compared with 44% for an aggressive B-cell NHLs and 42% for T-cell NHLs. The median OS improved from 19 months in patients diagnosed in a period 1996–2000 to 60 months when diagnosed between 2006 and 2012 (p < .001). In a multivariable Cox regression analysis, the age ≥80 years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 3.21, p < .001), male gender (aHR 1.26, p = .02), Black race (aHR, 1.70, p < .001), and T-cell NHL variants (aHR 1.73, p = .03) were unfavourable prognostic factors.Conclusion: NHL of the liver comprises about 0.3% of all NHLs and survival was improved in the recent calendar period.

No abstract