T1DM subjects had significantly poorer performance than controls on all subtests of the BVRT, on all subscales of the WISC (verbal, performance and total IQ) and on most subtests of WCST (p < 0.05). T1DM subjects with good glycemic control performed significantly better than subjects with poor glycemic control on all subtests of the BVRT and on all subscales of the WISC (p < 0.05), but there was no difference on the WCST. T1DM subjects differed from controls on memory, intelligence, and executive functions. They also differed according to good or poor glycemic control (except on the WCST). Cognitive performance significantly correlated with a number of demographic and clinical variables.

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