Lower extremity function, as measured by the SPPB, independently predicts hospitalization burden in outpatients with HFpEF. Additional studies are warranted to explore shared mechanisms and treatment implications of frailty in HFpEF.

Background. The longevity of a stentless valve in a younger population (20-60 years old) is unknown.Methods. From 1992 to 2015, 1947 patients underwent aortic valve/root replacement for aortic stenosis, insufficiency, root aneurysm, or aortic dissection with stentless bioprostheses (median size, 26 mm). At operation 105 patients were <40 years old, 528 were 40 to 59, 860 were 60 to 74, and 454 were ‡75 years. The data were obtained through chart review, administered surveys, and the National Death Index.Results. The 30-day mortality rate was 2.6%. During follow-up 807 patients (41%) died before reoperation, 993 (51%) were alive without reoperations because of deterioration, and 113 patients (5.8%) underwent reoperation for structural valve deterioration. After adjusting death and reoperation for non-structural valve deterioration causes as competing risks, the cumulative incidence of reoperation was significantly different between the younger groups (<40, 40-59) and the older groups (60-74, ‡75; P < .0001) but not inside the younger (<40 vs 40-59) or older (60-74 vs ‡75) group. The significant hazard ratio of reoperation for <40 versus ‡75 years of age was 12, <40 versus 60 to 74 was 4, 40 to 59 versus 60 to 74 was 3, and 40 to 59 versus ‡75 was 9 (P £ .01). The 10-and 15-year survival in the entire cohort was 53% and 29%, respectively.Conclusions. The stentless aortic valve provides satisfactory durability as a conduit for aortic valve/root replacement for patients who prefer a bioprosthesis. However it should be judiciously considered for patients younger than 60 years because of an increased incidence of reoperation for structural valve deterioration.

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