Dermoid cysts or mature cystic teratoma are the most common type of ovarian germ cell tumor. It may be complicated by torsion, rupture, chemical peritonitis and malignant change but is rarely complicated by infection. We present a case of an ovarian dermoid cyst with super-infection caused by Schistosoma haematobium (S. haematobium). We present here a case of incidental finding of S. haematobium eggs in an infected cystic teratoma of the ovary because of the rare occurrence of this lesion. A 45-year-old Moroccan woman admitted to the gynecological department because of abdominal pain and fever. Gynecological examination, ultrasonography, and abdominopelvic computed tomography scan revealed an ovarian mass thought to be a dermoid cyst. The pathological evaluation suggested infected ovarian dermoid cyst with the presence of adult worm in the tumor, contains same eggs of S. haematobium. Super-infection of an ovarian dermoid cyst is a rare event, and the association with S. haematobium is extremely rare in the literature.

BackgroundIn lacrimal gland, lymphomas and inflammatory lesions predominate. Primary epithelial tumours represent less than 30% of lacrimal gland lesions. Myoepithelial carcinoma of lacrimal gland is rare. To the best of our knowledge, only nine cases have been reported in the literature. This lesion presents diagnostic difficulties: non-specific clinical and radiological findings and histological polymorphism. This is well illustrated by the diagnostic pathology errors described in the literature.We report a new case of lacrimal myoepithelial carcinoma with a review of others published cases to try to assess clinico-pathological features and outcome whenever possible of this rare tumour.Case presentationAn 80-year-old Arabian female presented with a 2-month history of swelling over the right eyebrow, pain, proptosis of the right eye and diplopia. Computed tomography demonstrated an ill-defined, homogeneous, contrast-enhancing mass attached to the medial rectus. A biopsy was performed. Microscopic examination showed malignant spindle cells tumour, most consistently to sarcoma or sarcomatoid carcinoma. Immunohistochemical study was not possible because neoplastic material has been exhausted. Subsequently, total exenteration of the right orbit was performed. Immunohistochemical study revealed diffuse positive staining for pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and smooth muscle actin (SMA) and focal positivity for S100 protein. The lesion was immunonegative for desmin, h-cladesmon, CD34, Melan-A and HMB-45. The tumour was extending to the surgical margins. The patient was lost to follow-up until she developed local tumour progression 3 months after removal. The patient was again lost to follow-up and therefore did not receive any other treatment in our hospital.ConclusionWe present this rare tumour with an unusual location. The use of a complete immunohistochemical panel with epithelial and myoepithelial markers positivity helped us for classification of this poorly differentiated tumour.

Bladder paragangliomas (PGLs) are extremely rare catecholamine-producing neuroendocrine tumors. They arise more frequently in the trigone and have unpredictable depth and behavior. Most cases typically present with a well-defined set of symptoms triggered by micturition or bladder overdistension. Besides long-term follow-up, they are usually managed by either transurethral resection (TUR) or partial cystectomy (PC). However, about 25% of all documented cases do not manifest clinically, raising both diagnosis and management challenges. This report describes an unusual case of a misdiagnosed, functional PGL arising on the bladder dome, which was fortuitously detected in a 21-year-old female during a fertility workup. Owing to its hypervascular nature and submucosal location, bladder PGL was suspected on ultrasound and CT findings and successfully diagnosed before surgery through biochemical confirmation. It was managed by cystoscopy-guided laparoscopic partial cystectomy (LPC) with good oncological and urinary outcomes, as well as no compromise of her fertility potential. To our best knowledge, this is the first case to be incidentally detected on transvaginal ultrasound during evaluation for infertility. This case also stresses the importance of considering PGL in the differential diagnosis of atypical bladder tumors, as well as conservative management through simultaneous laparoscopy and cystoscopy, when approaching young patients with large functional PGL.

Most of the literature on intra-axial lesions causing calvarial and dural destruction comes from case reports for glioblastoma, lymphoma, metastasis, and aggressive meningioma. Destruction of dura and calvaria by low-grade gliomas is extremely uncommon; cases reported so far have been mostly oligodendrogliomas. This article describes the unusual case of a 23-year-old male patient with a left-sided intra and extracranial tumor involving the frontal lobe, destroying the overlying dura and calvaria, who underwent maximal safe resection. Histopathology showed the tumor to be a low-grade astrocytoma. The calvarial thinning or remodeling caused by low-grade gliomas is thought to result from their chronic mass effect, by displacing the overlying layer of cerebrospinal fluid and transmitting brain pulsations directly to the inner table of the skull. Pressure thinning of the inner table of the skull may be caused by Pacchionian granulations close to the midline. Although this is extremely uncommon, magnetic resonance imaging may include low-grade astrocytoma in the differential diagnosis in such cases.