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A B S T R A C TObjective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant and antioxidant effects of aqueous extracts of thyme varieties from Moroccan. Methods: The aqueous extracts of tree medicinal plants [Thymus atlanticus (T. atlanticus), Thymus satureioides and Thymus zygis (T. zygis)] were screened for their antioxidant activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay, radical scavenging activity method, the inhibition of 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride that induces oxidative erythrocyte hemolysis and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. The anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extracts was evaluated in vivo using croton oil-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice and rats, respectively. This extracts were evaluated in vitro for their anticoagulant activity at the different concentrations by partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time activated. Results: All thyme varieties were found to possess considerable antioxidant activity and potent anti-inflammatory activity in the croton oil-induced edema. Administration of aqueous extracts of two varieties (50 mg/kg) (T. zygis and T. atlanticus) reduced significantly the carrageenan-induced paw edema similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (indomethacin, 10 mg/kg). In partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time tests, T. atlanticus and T. zygis extracts showed the strongest anticoagulant activity. In contrast, Thymus satureioides did not show the anticoagulant activity in these tests. Conclusions: All aqueous extracts possess considerable antioxidant activity and are rich in total polyphenol and flavonoid but they act differently in the process of inflammatory and coagulation studied. This study shows great variability of biological activities in thyme varieties.

Covid-19 is an emerging infectious disease caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Due to the rapid rise in deaths resulted from this infection all around the world, the identification of drugs against this new coronavirus is an important requirement. Among the drugs that can fight this type of infection; natural products are substances that serve as sources of beneficial chemical molecules for the development of effective therapies. In this study, Camphor, Artemisinin and 14 Sumac phytochemicals were docked in the active site of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDB code: 6LU7). We have also performed molecular dynamic simulation at 100 ns with MM-GBSA/PBSA analysis for the structures with the best affinity in the binding site of the studied enzyme (Hinokiflavone and Myricetin) after docking calculations to consider parameters like RMSD, covariance, PCA, radius of gyration, potential energy, temperature and pressure. The result indicates that Hinokiflavone and Myricetin are the structures with best affinity and stability in the binding site of the studied enzyme and they respect the conditions mentioned in Lipinski’s rule and have acceptable ADMET proprieties; so, these compounds have important pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability, and they could have more potent antiviral treatment of COVID-19 than the other studied compounds.

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