Background/aims: Anaemia encompasses a significant challenge to public health globally as well as nationally. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of microcytic hypochromic anaemia among school and university students in Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: PubMed and Google Scholar search from 2002 until 2021 were utilized for the data obtained. Overall, 56 articles were reviewed and critically appraised based on the eligibility criteria, and relevant articles were selected. Results: Fourteen studies were identified. The prevalence of anaemia among school students ranged from 11.6% to 23%, whereas the prevalence among university students ranged from 12.5% to 64%. Age, gender, mother’s education, BMI, smoking status, and occupational status were associated with the prevalence of anaemia. Furthermore, lifestyle, dietary habits, haemostatic defects, menorrhagia, high altitude, and physical activity were also correlated with the prevalence of anaemia. Conclusion: A relatively high prevalence of anaemia was found among school and university students.

Background: Urolithiasis encompasses a common emergent problem that needs medical and surgical intervention. Therefore, our study focuses on determining the level of Attitude concerning urolithiasis among medical and paramedics students at Umm Al-Qura University. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed among participants online in June 2022. We utilized convenient sampling methods to stratify students according to their college. After data collection, appropriate statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Studies (SPSS). Results: The present study enrolled a total of 360 students from the department of medicine and paramedics at Umm Al-Qura University. The mean age was 22.2 (SD, 1.66). Most kidney stones generally show excellent and positive attitudes among students except for the incurability of kidney stones, which demonstrated a negative attitude. Furthermore, a significant association was found between the importance of calcium intake and stones analysis in preventing kidney stones and students' departments (P-value, 0.007 and 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: Detecting kidney stones is vitally crucial in minimizing their recurrence risk. Our finding indicates a negative attitude towards the curability of kidney stones. Thus, education and awareness programmes should be employed in health-related departments to maximize the benefit.

No abstract