INTRODUCTION:Advances in flowable composites including self-adhesive and bulk fill flowable composite resin have been introduced for time saving and better adaptation. OBJECTIVES: was to compare the microleakage and shear bond strength of Self-adhesive& Bulk fill flowable composite resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of forty non carious extracted human molars were selected for this study. For microleakage test, twenty Class V cavities were prepared on labial surface. Teeth were divided into 2 groups (n=10), Group I: was treated with self-adhesive flowable composite, Group II: was treated with one step self-etch adhesive system with bulk fill flowable composite. Microleakage scores were evaluated on the occlusal and cervical walls and data was analyzed statistically. For Shear bond strength test, twenty molars were embedded in acrylic resin inside plastic molds; the occlusal portion of each tooth was removed. To standardize the bonding area, cylindrical shaped plastic matrices with 4mm internal diameter and 3mm height were used. Specimens were divided into 2 groups (n=10), Group I: was treated with selfadhesive flowable composite, Group II: was treated with one step self-etch adhesive system with bulk fill flowable composite. Shear bond strength was measured using universal testing machine. RESULTS:The cervical margins showed a non-significant higher mean of microleakage scores than the occlusal margins in the two studied restorative materials. Filtek flowable bulk fill composite showed significantly higher mean of microleakage scores than Vertise flow at both the cervical and occlusal margins. Filtek flowable bulk fill composite showed a significantly higher mean of shear bond strength than Vertise flow. CONCLUSIONS: All of the restorative materials used were unable to prevent microleakage. Filtek flowable bulk fill composite showed more microleakage but higher shear bond strength than Vertise flow.

This study aimed to evaluate the growth performance, carcass traits and digestibility coefficients of growing rabbits fed different levels of orange pulp. Orange pulp was replaced for barley in the basal diet at 4 levels (0, 7.5, 15 and 30 %). A total number of 36 growing V-line rabbits at 7 weeks of age, with an average initial live body weight of 760.9 ± 33.9 g, were individually weighed and randomly assigned individually into four groups in a completely randomized design representing the four experimental groups. Each group was divided into three replicates of three rabbits each. All rabbits were kept under the same management and hygienic conditions and were housed in metal battery cages supplied with separated feeders. Diets were offered ad-libitum and fresh water was available all times from automatic nipple drinkers. The experimental period lasted for 42 days. The obtained results showed that barley replacement levels by dried orange pulp up to 30 % showed insignificant differences on the performance and carcass traits of growing rabbits when compared with the control diet. Also, there were insignificant differences in dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, and nitrogen free extract digestibility among the experimental diets and control diet, however, the digestibility coefficient of ether extract was recorded highest (P ≤ 0.05) values for 7.5, 15 and 30 % substitution level of orange pulp when compared to the control diet. The nitrogen free extract digestibility recorded the lowest value with 30% substitution of orange pulp when compared to the control diet and other replacement levels of barley by dried orange pulp; however, the difference was not significant. Metabolizable energy (ME), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and digestible crude protein (DCP) recorded insignificant difference among control diet and 7.5, 15, and 30 % substitution levels of orange pulp. It could be concluded that barley replacement levels by dried orange pulp up to 30 % had no negative effects on growth performance, carcass and digestibility coefficients of nutrients.

In the present study the antioxidant activity of Acacia nilotica leaf in growing rabbits was performed. Thirty weaned V-line rabbits aged 35 days (5 weeks) weighed 510g±8.30 (mean±SE) used for the study which lasted for 84 days (12 weeks). Animals were divided equally and randomly into three groups (10 in each one). The first group was fed ad libitum a commercial pelleted diet, while the other groups (second and third) were fed the same diet plus administration with oral daily Acacia nilotica leaf extract at a dose 100 (low dose) and 200 mg /kg body weight (high dose) respectively for 7 weeks. Treatment with aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Acacia nilotica resulted in significant (p<0.05) increase in blood plasma total protein, albumin and globulin, while blood plasma aminotransferase (AST) and alanineaminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea, triglyceride (TG) and glucose levels were significantly decreased as compared to untreated group (control). Results showed that the Acacia nilotica leaves extract has significant antioxidant effect by increasing blood plasma Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase and decrease blood plasma thiobarbituric acidreactive substances (TBARS) activity as compared to control. The effect of Acacia nilotica leaves extract showed better response as dose dependent. This potential activity of Acacia nilotica leaf might be due to the presence of its phytochemicals or the collective action of many active ingredients. It could be concluded that Acacia nilotica leaf extract treatment significantly improved physiological and antioxidant activity of growing rabbit and this improved was dose dependent.