Data collected on purebred Friesian Heifers imported from Netherlands were used in this research to estimate genetic and non-genetic parameters. The average age at first calving (AFC), gestation period (GP), number services per conception (S/C), calving interval (CI), total milk yield (TMY), daily milk yield (DMY) and lactation length (LL) ranges were 24.9±2. Results showed that parity number had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on (S/C). Also age at first calving had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on milk yield per lactation and daily milk yield (p < 0.01). Year of calving presented a significant (p < 0.05) effect on DMY,S/C and (CI) (p < 0.001). Whereas place of birth had a highly significant effect (p < 0.001) on TMY and significant (p < 0.01) effect on AFC.Repeatability estimates for GP, S/C, CI, TMY, DMY and LL were found to be 0.170±0.045, 0.090±0.044, 0.361±0.047, 0.420±0.061 and 0.094±0.044, respectively. While heritability estimates by paternal half-sib method ranged from 0.003±0.078 for LL and 0.190±0.140 for AFC. Whereas, estimates calculated by daughter-dam regression were found to be 0.710±0.456, 0.320±0.168, 0.106±0.120, 0.100±0.150, 0.174±0.136 and 0,055±0.224 for AFC, GP, S/C, TMY, DMY and LL, respectively.Regarding phenotypic correlations among parameters, age at first calving was negatively correlated with other traits except for S/C and DMY. Whereas S/C exhibited positive phenotypic correlation with all the traits studied. Total milk yield was found to have positive correlation with DMY and LL. Concerning genetic correlations among traits were either inestimable or overestimated.

This work aimed at exploring the genetic variability, population structure and relationships of Lathyrus sativus L. germplasm using isozyme analysis. The data of isozyme analysis revealed 12 putative polymorphic loci of a total 33 alleles, indicating that studied accessions express good allelic richness and had an apparent rate of allogamy. The mean average of the expected heterozygosity (0.483) was more than the mean average of the observed heterozygosity (0.449) suggesting an apparent rate of allogamy taking place in Lathyrus sativus L. The average of total heterozygosity (HT) and intra-accessional genetic diversity (HS) were 0.559 and 0.428 respectively indicating that majority of genetic diversity was intra-accessional. The low levels and non-significant of genetic diversity among accessions (DST = 0.190, X2 = 62.59, p = 0.029) were probably indicative of occurrence of several gene flows. The coefficient of gene differentiation (GST) showed significant variation, suggesting the heterogonous distribution of L. sativus accessions among different geographic regions. The mean average of FST was 0.327, suggesting the occurrence of random mating system for the studied accessions and reflecting adaptation to strong environmental dissimilarities. Cluster analysis based on isozyme data suggested that the environment had no influence on the genetic diversity and confirmed that Lathyrus sativus L. had a polyphyletic origin.

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Malaysian giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man, 1879)