Background: Acne is one of the commonest chronic inflammatory dermatological disease among adolescents. Aim of the Work: The aim of the study was to detect the prevalence of acne among pre adolescents in primary and preparatory schools in Damietta governorate Egypt. Patients and Methods: This was a cross sectional study, that was conducted on 1624 pre adolescents in primary and preparatory schools in Damietta governorate. Results: Age ranged from 8-13 years with mean value 11.44±1.680 years. Male cases were 781 [48.1%] while female cases were 843 [51.9%] and 251[65.8%] had mild acne grade, 122[31.9%] had moderate acne grade and 9[2.4%] had severe acne grade. Conclusion: Acne is one amongst the most common skin disease and includes a great effect on quality of life among pre adolescents attending primary and preparatory schools in Damietta governorate, the prevalence of acne vulgaris among pre adolescents in primary and preparatory schools in Damietta governorate Egypt was 23.5%.

In the United States, ~100,000 patients are hospitalized annually for cardiogenic shock with 27–51% mortality. Similarly, ~356,000 patients develop out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) annually with 90% mortality. In the last few decades, several acute mechanical circulatory support (AMCS) devices have been developed to provide hemodynamic support and to improve outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. Among all the devices, venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) is the only AMCS device that provides immediate and complete cardiopulmonary support. With an increase in clinical experience with VA-ECMO, use of VA-ECMO has expanded beyond post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock. In the last two decades, there has also been a rapid growth in the observational and randomized data describing the clinical and logistical considerations with successful clinical outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. In this review, we discuss the fundamental concepts and hemodynamic aspects of VA-ECMO, its indications, contraindications, and the complications that are encountered in the setting of VA-ECMO in patients with cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock of various etiologies.