Background: The impact of climate change on selected plant species from the hyper-arid landscape of United Arab Emirates (UAE) was assessed through modeling of their habitat suitability and distribution. Calotropis procera, Prosopis cineraria and Ziziphus spina-christi were used for this study. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the current and future (for 2050s and 2070s) suitable habitats distribution using MaxEnt, an Ecological Envelope Model. Methods: The adopted method consists of extraction of current and future bioclimatic variables together with their land use cover and elevation for the study area. MaxEnt species distribution model was then used to simulate the distribution of the selected species. The projections are simulated for the current date, the 2050s and 2070s using Community Climate System Model version 4 with representative concentration pathway RCP4.5. Results: The current distribution model of all three species evolved with a high suitable habitat towards the north eastern part of the country. For C. procera, an area of 1775 km2 is modeled under highly suitable habitat for the current year, while it is expected to increase for both 2050s and 2070s. The current high suitability of P. cinararia was around an area of 1335 km2 and the future projection revealed an increase of high suitability habitats. Z. spina-christi showed a potential area of 5083 km2 under high suitability and it might increase in the future. Conclusions: Precipitation of coldest quarter (BIO19) had the maximum contribution for all the three species under investigation.

Introduction: Carbon (C) pools in desert ecosystems have not been well investigated, especially in relation to quantitative assessment for different compartments. In many ecosystems C uptake may increase, which leads to accelerated C cycling belowground. Methods: Therefore there is a strong need for C storage in compartments such as phytomass and/or within soils. In the present study we assessed C pools of different soil/vegetation associations as affected by the dominant tree and shrub species. Results: Mountain valleys had the highest C pool in the phytomass compartment with an average of 3.6 tons per hectare, of which 1.32 tons per hectare were contained aboveground. The introduced Prosopis juliflora had by far the highest average contribution of 3.47 tons of C per hectare. Most of which is in the above ground parts (83.3%) and the remaining is sequestered below ground. Halopeplis perfoliata, however, contributed the least C to the desert systems of the UAE. Some land forms, such as mountain valleys, were shown to sequester more C than others, which constitute a good reason to improve their conditions. Conclusions: Few shrub/tree species, such as P. juliflora, were also reported to have high potentials as a C pool in the hyper-arid environment of the UAE.

Used Helianthus tuberous(Jerusalem artichoke)as supplement to product function yoghurt to enhance native value health benefits and to improve rheological,phyisco-chemical and sensory properties of final product. Yoghurt was made from fresh cow , s milk fortificaed with the conventionl yoghurt starter culture containing Bifidobacterim bifidum, control Molds and yeasts enumeration of Bio-yoghurt as affected by supplementing with JAE are registered in the same table. No numbers of these populations recorded in fresh samples as affected by higher heat of milk and the used ingredients and phenolic compounds contained in both Jerusalem artichoke. Psychrophilic bacteria showed that it did not detect in Bio-yoghurt wither supplemented with JAE at different levels of supplementation.Conclusively, from these results, it could be concluded that supplementation dairy products with Jerusalem artichoke as treatment for diabetes. Because if it was approved that it reduces the level of glucose in blood, because they contain many vitamins and nutrients necessary and beneficial to human health.