This paper suggests a fast and low-cost method that can be applied in several DC/DC converter topologies for detecting open circuit faults (OCFs) and short circuit faults (SCFs). The suggested method may identify the faults of several power switches even if they occur simultaneously in multi-phase interleaved boost converters (MPh-IBC) by using just the sensors needed to control the converter. This fault detection method (FDM) is based mainly on comparing the measured inductor current and two fault detection thresholds, one for OCFs detection and the other for SCFs detection. This method combined with a corrective strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of OCFs, particularly the significant rise in the ripple of the DC bus voltage and the fuel cell (FC) current, which reduces FC aging and converter reliability. The simulation findings indicate the FDM's excellent performance and speed, as well as its usefulness in detecting defects of many power switches in the converter, with a fault detection time of up to 1.7 µs. The acquired findings further show the excellent effectiveness of the corrective strategy in reducing these ripples in the event of one or two faults.

Autonomous vehicle field has seen much development in recent years, especially with the appearance of new efficient control techniques focusing on longitudinal and lateral direction in order to follow a specified trajectory or path. This paper proposes a new systematic control technique to simultaneously generate a suitable speed profile and control the vehicle lateral motion through a predetermined path that considers different driving scenarios representing real-world driving. First, an extended-kinematic model for an autonomous vehicle is designed based on side-slip angle estimation. Then, the proposed technique uses a relationship between lateral error, heading error, and vehicle velocity to generate a suitable steering angle based on super twisting mode control. Second, a speed-planning algorithm is developed to control vehicle velocity. The algorithm uses a strategy for sharp curve identification; then it generates an adequate speed profile depending on the dynamic characteristics of these curves to ensure smooth motion of the vehicle through the whole trajectory. The obtained results from using a speed-planning algorithm with a super twisting controller prove the high performance of this control technique in terms of decreasing errors and respecting passenger comfort.