The immunomodulatory effects of phenytoin (PHN), used as an antiepileptic agent were investigated in vivo using female Balb/c mice. The main aim of this study was to investigate the immunotoxicity of PHN. Animals were divided into six groups, eight animals per group. Group I, served as a control group, received only the vehicle. Groups (II-VI) were received a daily intraperitoneal dose of PHN (2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 25 mg/kg, respectively) over a period of 21 days. PHN has shown a significant decrease in the animal body weight. The relative weights of animal's spleens were also decreased significantly at doses of (10, 15, and 25 mg/kg). PHN showed a significant decrease in the percentage of circulating neutrophils and lymphocytes and an increase in the percentage of circulating eosinophils. The result showed a marked suppression in antibody production capacity as a humoral immune response and a suppression in the Delayed type hypersensitivity response as a cell mediated immune response in PHN-treated mice compared to the control group. Detectable changes have also been noticed in the histology of the footpad tissue and spleen.
This study was to determine the mechanism underlying the hypoglycaemic activity of the aqueous extract perfusion of rosemary in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The sugar level and lipid profile were investigated in plasma of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with rosemary for four weeks. Diabetic rats exhibited an increase in the levels of sugar, cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein (LDL), and a decrease in the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL). The administration of rosemary showed a decrease of 20% in sugar level, 22% cholesterol, 24% triglycerides, 27% (LDL), and increase 18% in (HDL). The findings of this study indicate that the administration of rosemary shows better lipid profile as well as decrease in the sugar level in both normal and diabetic rats.
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