Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare aggressive type of breast cancer, as this form of cancer makes up only 1% of overall breast cancers. It mainly presents with a rapid-growing mass.  Establishing the diagnosis is based on histopathology, as imaging studies show the same features as other types of breast cancer. The treatment protocol for MBC is similar to those for invasive ductal carcinomas owing to the lack of standardized management modality for metaplastic breast cancer per se.

Background: Abdominal solid organ transplant (SOT) programs have been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic, which was officially declared as such on March 11, 2020.Over two years, the tightening and softening of limitations in response to the "waves" of infection and COVID-19 fluctuations have provided distinct issues for waitlisted patients, transplant recipients, and transplant organizations. Method:We searched Scopus using the terms "transplant" and "transplantation," and organ-related phrases like "intestin*," "liver," "kidney," "hepatic," "renal," and "pancrea*," as well as COVID-19 terms such as "COVID-19," "coronavirus," and "SARS-CoV-2."We included articles, reviews, conference papers, letters, notes, editorials, brief surveys, book chapters, and errata and studied nations, institutions, authors, journals, keywords, and articles. VOSviewer 1.6.18 and Excel were used to create tables and figures.

Rare coexistence of disease or pathology Background:Situs inversus totalis (SIT) is an uncommon condition characterized as a congenital disorder in which the visceral organs are inverted relative to their typical anatomical position. SIT with double superior vena cava (SVC) is an even rarer presentation. Due to the underlying anatomical difference, the diagnosis and treatment of gallbladder stones in patients with SIT are challenging. Case Report:We report the case of a 24-year-old male patient who presented with an intermittent history of epigastric pain for 2 weeks. Clinical assessment and radiological investigations confirmed gall bladder stones with evidence of SIT and double superior vena cava (SVC). The patient underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with an inverted laparoscopic approach. The recovery from the operation went smoothly, the patient was discharged from the hospital the following day, and the drain was removed on the third postoperative day. Conclusions:Because anatomical variations in the SIT can affect localization of symptoms in patients with complicated gallbladder stones, the diagnosis of patients who have abdominal pain and SIT necessitates both a high index of suspicion and a thorough assessment. Although LC is considered to be a technically challenging surgery and calls for modification of the standard protocol, it is nevertheless feasible to perform the procedure effectively.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that LC has been documented in a patient who has SIT and double SVC.

The diaphragm is the essential respiratory muscle, and damage can significantly impede a human's capacity for blood oxygenation. During inspiration, the diaphragm domes permit the pleural cavity to expand. Whenever this process is disrupted, it results in decreased thoracic expansion and, as a result, hypoventilation. The phrenic nerve innervates the diaphragmatic muscle via the cervical nerve roots C3, C4, and C5. Diaphragmatic paralysis is a multifactorial consequence caused by trauma, neurogenic diseases, infections, inflammatory responses, and chest operative surgery, with the last being the most prevalent causative factor.Here, we are describing the case of a 52-year-old male patient who has had ongoing dyspnea for months after contracting COVID-19 in December 2021, despite the remission of his previous COVID-19 pneumonia in 2020. An X-ray of the chest revealed no diaphragm elevation, whereas electromyography verified diaphragm impairment. On the conservative treatment plan, he reported persistent dyspnea following a period of pulmonary rehabilitation. To a lesser extent, it is advised to wait at least one year to see if there is any reinnervation, which could benefit his lung capacity.COVID-19 has been linked to many systematic diseases. As a result, COVID-19 will not be restricted to its inflammatory effect on the lungs. In other words, it is a multi-organ systematic syndrome. One of these effects is diaphragm paralysis, which should be considered a post-COVID-19 disease. However, there is a need for more literature to support physicians as guidelines for neurological conditions related to COVID-19 infection.

Medical education is an important and ever-changing profession that determines the future of healthcare and public health in any nation. It is also a complicated and difficult process that needs ongoing adaptation and innovation in order to satisfy the changing demands and expectations of health systems and communities. However, several challenges and limits impede the growth and quality of medical education in the Arab world, preventing it from reaching its full potential. In this article, we will highlight some of the major difficulties affecting medical education in the Arab world from our own experience as a medical student in one of the Arab nations.