Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of country-of-origin (COO) image on brand attitude and brand loyalty of Generation Y’s consumers toward two categories of luxury fashion brands. Design/methodology/approach First, a structural equation modeling method was employed based on data collected from 419 individuals born between 1977 and 1994 in Iran. In next steps, analysis was conducted using hierarchical regression analysis with a two-way interaction and a slope analysis. Watches and sunglasses are two luxury product categories chosen in this study. Findings The findings of the study reveal that consumers’ perception from COO technology advancement is the determinant of attitude toward luxury brands. COO technology advancement also, mediated by brand attitude, has an indirect positive effect on luxury brand loyalty. Moreover, the interaction between COO technology advancement and product-origin congruency has a significant and positive effect on consumers’ brand attitude. Originality/value This study has tried to investigate the impact of the constructs of the COO image on attitude and loyalty toward luxury brands in Generation Y. It has also dealt with the effect of product-origin congruency on the relationship between each one of the constructs of the COO image and brand attitude.

The knowledge of consumers' behavior is considered as an essential key in successful marketing programs. This would appear more when purchasing luxury products, because in Conspicuous consumption, the motives for buying special products originate more in psychic problems of consumers than product's specifications. This study is aimed to examine the consumption behavior of luxury products among the young people (aging from 18 to 35). Thus, we focused on the two fields of brand association and psychological antecedents. Likewise, the purchase of luxury watch has been studied as consumption behavior. In this research, variables such as gaining respect, gaining popularity, noticed by others, showing who I am, symbol of success, symbol of prestige, indicates wealth, indicates achievement, gaining status, enhances self image, are psychological antecedents and some other variables like brand symbolism, brand image congruency and self-concept, brand familiarity and brand aroused feeling are the brand association. In the present study, quantitative method was used, questionnaire formulation and sampling which was randomly collected from 525 people of consumers of such watches in Tehran City. Also, it was used Structural Equations Modeling (SEM), by the Lisrel Software for testing 6 hypotheses. The findings show that two criteria such as brand association and psychological antecedents significantly affect the consumption behavior of luxury products among the youth. Also, the intensity of influence of each of the studied variables was different due to revenue level, education and sexuality. According to the results, we can apply better communication strategies to this section of target market.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate injuries resulting from accidents and incidents referred to medical centers and hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The data of all injured patients admitted to hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from March 2014 to March 2015 were reviewed. Accidents and injuries were categorized according to the tenth version of international classification of diseases. Data collected by means of forms and software injury register by Hospital emergency department staff to interview and hospital records, were completed. Results: In total, 131967 cases were reviewed,in which 66% were male and 34 % were female. Traumas, traffic accidents, and falls were major causes of accidents and injuries. Accidents and injuries were more prevalent in 20-29 years old (the younger age groups; 51%). Individuals living in urban areas sustained more injuries compared to individuals from rural areas. A total of 194 deaths were reported due to accidents and injuries. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that traffic accidents constitute a large proportion of accident and injuries. Productive groups (young male) were the most victims of accidents and injuries. Training of different groups, including before and during recruitment, training mothers, and elderly seems to be beneficial. Further studies to improve the registration tools for a better access to reliable data are needed. Promotion knowledge and training, especially in the younger age group, intervention to resolve the accident prone spots as well as technical defects are recommended to reduce the traffic accidents.

The purpose of this article is to examine the relations between important sales presentation skills and salesperson job performance. Data on each construct in the model was gathered and the relations analyzed using LISREL software. More sales skills need to be considered and salespeople in other industry and also in other than those in the business to business environment should be studied. Finding shows that one of the salesperson characteristics, sales experience, underlies all the sales presentation skills and that the other, training, is associated with all the sales presentation skills with the exception of active listening skills. Sales managers are urged to ensure their business to business salespeople develop their skills in adaptive communication and closing as one means to improve sales performance.