It is now argued that a very close relationship exists between culture and learning, and that learners can learn better if the way of their learning corresponds to the cultural features of their society. Taking this argument into account, many linguists, teachers and researchers now suggest that language teaching-learning practices in the classroom should be based on learners’ culture. They argue that if there is a harmony between the mode of teaching-learning activities in the classroom and the cultural features in the broader community outside the classroom, learners can behave competently in the classroom and can, therefore, learn effectively. The present article has attempted to discuss this relationship between culture and learning in general, and also between culture and language learning in particular, with a view to determining a cultural model of classroom instruction for ELT in Bangladesh.

The experiment was carried out at the research field of Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Dinajpur during Mid December to end of November for two consecutive years (2017-18 and 2018-19) to develop an economically sustainable and profitable cropping pattern over existing pattern. Three alternate cropping patterns Tomato-T. Aus-T. Aman, Tomato-Summer onion-T. Aman, Tomato-Indian Spinach-T. Aman were introduced against the existing cropping pattern Tomato–Fallow–T. Aman rice. The experiment was carried out in RCB design with three replications. The highest REY (35.91 t/ha) was recorded from the cropping pattern Tomato-Indian Spinach-T. Aman followed by Tomato-Summer onion-T. Aman (31.26 t/ha) and Tomato-T. Aus-T. Aman (29.04 t/ha). The lowest REY (24.48 t/ha) was obtained from the cropping pattern Tomato-Fallow-T. Aman (Farmers practice). The gross return and gross margin were higher in the alternate cropping patterns compared to existing cropping pattern due to additional yield of T. Aus rice, Summer Onion and Indian Spinach. Therefore, farmers in Dinajpur region of Bangladesh could follow alternate cropping pattern in their medium high land where lands remain fallow after harvesting of Tomato for higher crop productivity and profitability.

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Tilapia (Indigofera sp.) is used as animal feed because it has a crude protein content of 28.98 % and crude fiber content is 8.49 %, so it is considered as an energy source rich in nutrients. Tilapia plants are plants that are adaptable in a variety of diverse environmental conditions, such as acid soils and long dry climates. Utilization of tilapia as animal feed is very limited because farmers and breeders are reluctant to cultivate it. The limitation of providers of tilapia seedlings is one of the causes of the small number of tilapia cultivated by farmers and breeder so that the need for forage feeds of ruminants to meet protein needs is still lacking. During this time for the needs of ruminants, breeders only depend on natural grass and crop residues. The process of seed germination and tilapia growth after the germination period can be increased by scarifying seeds and using organic fertilizers. The study aimed to determine the effect of using organic waste and the length of physical seed scarification on the growth of tilapia seedlings. The study used factorial experiments (two factors) arranged randomly in groups. The first factor is the type of waste: M0 (without waste); M1 (banana [Musa sp.] hump waste); M2 (papaya fruit [Carica papaya L.] waste). The second factor is the duration of physical scarification (70 °C hot water immersion): S0 (without soaking); S1 (soaked for 7.5 min); S2 (soaked for 15 min). The results showed that there was an interaction between the types of organic waste and the length of seed scarification for tilapia growth. The best treatment is banana hump waste with physical scarification of 15 min of seed.

The experiment was conducted at the research field of Agricultural Research Station, Rajbari, Dinajpur during rabi season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 to develop a profitable and economic fertilizer dose and optimum planting time for Squash and to increase the productivity and yield. Two different dates of planting viz. 15 November and 30 November considered as factor A and different organic manures viz., vermicompost, poultry manure and cowdung considered as factor B. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design (Factorial) with three replications. Organic manures and planting time showed significant effects on most of the parameters. In case of organic manures, highest individual fruit weight (1707.50 g) and fruit yield (32.43 tha-1) was recorded from vermicompost whereas the lowest fruit weight (1233.17 g) and fruit yield (23.52 tha-1) was recorded from cowdung application. In case of planting time, the highest individual fruit weight (1747.11 g) and fruit yield (29.61 tha-1) was recorded from 15 November planting date whereas the lowest fruit weight (1196.44 g) and fruit yield (25.86 tha-1) was recorded from 30 November planting date. For combination, highest individual fruit weight (2153.66g) and fruit yield (34.06 tha-1) were recorded from vermicompost with 15 November planting date while the lowest individual fruit weight (1105.33g) and fruit yield (20.56 tha-1) were recorded from cowdung with 30 November planting date. Vermicompost with 15 November planting date was found suitable for total productivity and economic return of the system.