This article reports adhesion interactions between siliconsupported dichlorotriazine films in various solvents. The formation, chemical composition, and thickness of the overlayer were analyzed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). An atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization was performed to evaluate the overlayer roughness. Adhesion interactions were measured using chemical force spectrometry (CFS). The purpose of the study is to understand the effect of solvents on the adhesion force between dichlorotriazine films. The tip−surface adhesion forces measured in octane and cyclooctane were found to be relatively weak. Use of solvents that may participate in π−π interactions, such as toluene and trifluoromethyl benzene, as well as a potential monohalogen bond donor, such as CCl 4 , did not lead to significant increase in the tip−surface forces. However, the adhesion forces increase considerably when measured in solvents that contain at least two ether groups, such as dioxane, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and triethylene glycol dimethyl ether. These most important interactions in ether-type solvents are due to bridging of the solvent between the two surfaces. Molecular dynamics simulations of the functionalized surfaces are consistent with enhanced solvent bridging interactions when the solvent contains ether functional groups.

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A statistical model was developed for the alkylation of toluene with tert.-butyl chloride in presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride as catalyst. Temperature, molar ratio of toluene to tert.-butyl chloride and amount of anhydrous aluminum chloride were chosen for investigation. A set of trials was planned according to a 3 factor 2-level Yates pattern experimental design with 2 replicates and the center point trial with 4 replicates. The critical response was the yield of tert.-butyl toluene. Two-and three-factor interaction effects together with the main effects were statistically significant. The adequacy of the suggested model was checked up. The difference between the experimental and predicted yields did not exceed 2.22%. The best yield of the tert.-butyl toluene was 51.2%.