A lighting audit is an investigational process that measures conditions against standards to determine any lighting improvement measures. The objective of this study is to conduct a lighting audit to evaluate the level of existing lighting in the work environment of the academic faculty building. The lighting audit for the faculty buildings consists of a walk-through audit, lighting desktop work, field data measurement, and lighting analysis. The illuminance level cross-checks with the MS 1525:2019 and the lighting guideline from the Department of Safety and Health Malaysia. The illuminance analysis finding denotes most areas have violated the standards and are in overlit status. Few lighting conservation measures were proposed and prioritized the LED lighting installation. Economic analysis for retrofitting of LED lighting generates energy saving at 30%, a return on investment of two months, and about 6.60-tonne CO2 emission reduction annually. The LED lighting installation shows attractive investment and has good potential at higher luminous efficacy around 40-256 Lm/Watt for the respective areas.

The performance requirements for structural components are becoming more sophisticated and varied in recent years. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable mixture that can placed without vibrations in structural elements with congested reinforcing. The development of SCC must achieve an appropriate balance between deformability and stability. Additionally, stability is influenced by the material properties and mix proportions, necessitating the development of a technique for SCC mixture design. However, techniques for mix design and testing are continually evolving. Mix design criteria primarily concern the type and quantity of constituents in the SSC mixture. The dose adjustment of the water to cement ratio is a critical property in proportioning SCC mixes. This research aims to examine the influence of different water to cement ratios (0.32, 0.34, and 0.36) with other consistent ratios using locally available ingredients in the SCC mixture. Also, in this study several fresh properties of SCC was examined in according with the European Federation of National Associations Representing for Concrete (EFNARC). Moreover, this study presents the findings and discussion of an experiment conducted to test the influence of water to cement ratios on fresh, and mechanical properties of SCC at 7, 14, 28 days of curing. The findings of the tests for fresh SCC properties in range of the standard limit. The strength properties were improved in the lower water to cement ratio. The increased in the water to cement ratio shows decreased in the strength properties. In addition, the ratio of water to cement affects the properties of the hardened material, while a higher water-to-cement percentage leads to an increase in flow, which may be attributed to the use of superplasticizer. .