Few empirical studies have been conducted to explore how customer-to-customer interactions (CCI) affect satisfaction, loyalty, and word-of-mouth (WOM) behaviors in the hospitality industry. The purpose of this paper is to address this knowledge gap. Then, the paper examines the mediating role of personal interaction quality (PIQ) and service atmospherics on CCI, satisfaction, and loyalty behaviors. The study proposes a structural model of the relationships among CCI, satisfaction, loyalty, WOM, PIQ, and service atmospherics in the context of the hospitality industry. The hypothesized relationships are then tested in an empirical study with a sample of 200 guests of Laleh Hotels in the area of Tehran.The subjects were asked to complete a self-administrated questionnaire using a convenience-sampling approach. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, one sample t-test, and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze guests' perceptions of the research constructs. The results show that: 1) service atmospherics has a significant impact on CCI and hotel satisfaction, 2) personal interaction quality has a significant impact on hotel satisfaction and hotel loyalty, 3) hotel satisfaction has a significant impact on hotel loyalty and hotel WOM, and 4) CCI is significantly associated with hotel loyalty and hotel WOM.Meysam Fakharyan has a Master of Marketing from the Young Researchers Club, Firozkoh Branch,

Recently, increasing competitive circumstances in telecommunication network 234 Contribution/ OriginalityThis study contributes in the existing literature by providing a comprehensive framework for assessing the effect of advertising appeals on attitude towards advertising and consequently, brand attitude. In fact, this study is one of very few studies which have investigated the relationships among various types of advertising appeals and attitudes towards brand and advertising efforts.

3‐methyl‐1‐sulfonic acid imidazolium tetrachloroferrate {[Msim]FeCl4} was prepared and fully characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal gravimetric (DTG), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and used, as an efficient catalyst, for the tandem reaction of β‐naphthol with aromatic aldehydes and benzamide at 110 °C under solvent‐free conditions to give 1‐amidoalkyl‐2‐naphthols in high yields and very short reaction times.