Introduction: Disordered sleep occurs frequently in patients who have undergone coronary bypass graft surgery, and it contributes to increased morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization. The present study aimed to determine the effects of deep-breathing exercises on postoperative sleep duration and quality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft. Methods: This study was a clinical trial. The study sample included 64 patients who were coronary artery bypass graft hospitalized from January 2015 to April 2015 in Qazvin Booali-Sina hospital. The patients were selected by convenient sampling and then the participants were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. The baseline and postoperative (day 7) sleep duration and quality metrics were measured. The St Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep quality in two groups. Results: Baseline night sleep duration was 5.72 (1.63) hours in the control group and 5.58 (1.07) hours in the intervention group. The initial findings showed that the mean of sleep quality score of patients in the intervention and control groups were 19.72 (2.68) and 18.22 (3.81) respectively. These measurements did not decline postoperatively in the intervention group while night sleep duration and quality declined in the control group. Deep breathing exercise program had a significant effect on sleep quality score in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusion: The results indicated that deep breathing exercises prevent decline in sleep quality postoperatively. It seems to be a safe method with no side effects for these patients. Furthermore, it is a simple method to implement and does not impose a high cost.

Abstract:Background: The role of adiponectin in the development of cardiac disease remains less clear than in metabolic disorders. While some studies indicated that low adiponectin levels were associated with cardiovascular disease, not all studies have been able to show such association. Adiponectin levels may infl uence the development of chronic heart failure, but the epidemiological data are somewhat complex. Thus, the aim of this study was a survey of relationship between serum Adiponectin and prognosis of patients with heart failure in Iran. Methods and materials:In this cohort study, we evaluated 96 chronic heart failure patients. Patients with systolic dysfunction that was defi ned as left ventricular Ejection Fraction (EF) ≤40 % or had a history of heart failure were included in the study. At the baseline visit, all patients were examined by a physician and the following information was obtained: medical history, physical examination, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classifi cation. After the fi rst evaluation, analyses of adiponectin, Pro BNP, creatinine and uric acid were performed. Then the patients were followed up for a median of 12 months. Results: There was a signifi cant relationship between the mean adiponectin and Pro BNP levels and the ejection fraction (p=0.003 and p=0.003 respectively). Higher levels of adiponectin and Pro BNP were associated with a lower ejection fraction and there were no such associations between creatinine and uric acid levels. There was a signifi cant association between the functional capacity as assessed by NYHA class and the mean of adiponectin and uric acid, these means that higher levels of adiponectin and uric acid were associated with a higher functional class in patients with CHF (p=0.03 and p=0.04 respectively). During a 12 month follow-up, 22 (22.9 %) patients died. In subjects who died, the baseline mean plasma adiponectin and Pro BNP levels were higher compared to those who were alive at the follow-up and these difference were statistically signifi cant (19±7.4 vs.15.8±8 ng/ml and 9520±10249 vs. 3172±4628 ng/L p=0.000). Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that the plasma adiponectin level increased according to the severity of heart failure and also there was such relationship between Pro BNP and heart failure (Tab. 3, Ref. 35). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.

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