<p class="Abstract">The alveolar cleft is known as the developmental defect of bone in alveolar process of maxillae which occurs in 75% of the cleft lip and palate patients with different types of clinical presentation like unilateral or bilateral and complete or incomplete. Secondary alveolar cleft reconstruction with autogenic spongy bone grafting (osteoplasty) at the stage of mixed dentition is commonly accepted treatment to help in the maintenance of maxillary arch continuity, repairing of oronasal fistula, eruption of the permanent dentition, enhancement of nasal symmetry through providing alar base support and improving speech. As of late, conflicting argument of alveolar cleft management is continuing regarding treatment planning with timing, graft materials, surgical techniques as well as methods of evaluation of the progress of alveolar osteoplasty. Now-a-days, experiments have made for the application of allogeneic bone, artificial bone, and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP), along with growth factors to diminish the donor-site morbidity associated autogenic bone grafting. The purpose of this review is to discuss about pathogenesis and aetiology of cleft defects, surgical techniques, assessment of progress of alveolar bone graft and proposed future materials for bone graft.</p>

<p class="Abstract">Oral cancer is becoming frightful public health issue because of its raising incidence as well as mortality rates worldwide. Out of all types of oral cancer, the oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor with an incidence of about 90%. This fatal disease is diagnosed through a comprehensive clinical examination followed by the histological assessments forming the diagnostic gold standard. Although the oral cavity is simply accessible, but maximum oral cancers are usually diagnosed at the late stage. Consequently, it is necessary to implicate newer screening and early diagnosing approaches which will diminish the morbidity as well as mortality related to this disease. Saliva which is a complex biological fluid has a direct relation with the oral cancer lesion and contains abnormal DNA, RNA, protein molecules released by the malignant cells. These can be labelled as neoplastic biomarkers proposed to play an important role in diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic purposes for oral cancers as well as other diseases. The aim of this review paper is to concisely discuss the different types of potential salivary biomarkers as well as their interaction for screening of oral cancers.</p>

Treating titanium implants with SLA-SBF can improve osseointegration as well as increase the interfacial shear strength.

The constitution of enamel demineralization or white spot lesion (WSL) at the side of fixed orthodontic appliance is a usual complexity seen at the period of fixed orthodontic treatment and after completion of this treatment, which scupper the accomplishment of a successfully completed case. Restraining programmes for managing this orthodontic side effect must be accentuated for all orthodontic patients. The concern of an orthodontist is to abate the risk of decalcification as a sequence of orthodontic treatment by instructing and motivating the patients for good oral hygiene care. Recognition of WSL before the orthodontic treatment might allow performing preventive measures to counteract the process of progression of lesion. Modern strategies of managing WSL during and after the orthodontic treatment are reviewed coevally in this article. This review represents the prevention and management of white spot lesion by topical fluoride releasing materials (bonding agent resin modified glass ionomer cements [RMGICs], toothpaste, gel, mouthwash, varnishes), pro-biotic, polyols, antiseptic, sealants, casein supplements, laser, tooth bleaching agent, micro-abrasion and resin infiltration which are effectual. Nevertheless the implementation of RMGICs, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate, micro-abrasion, resin infiltration can be more adjuvant than only the fluoride rinses in the abatement of white spot lesion or demineralization spots.

Summary:Clinical management of non-growing adult patients with dentofacial deformity could be provided with better outcome when approach in-combined with orthodontic and orthognathic surgery than that of single approach alone. This study describes a case of a 26years old Bangladeshi female presented with bimaxillary protrusion treated with the combination of orthodontic and orthognathic surgery.