No abstract

We propose a novel stochastic consensus-based secondary voltage and frequency restoration scheme with communication delays and noises for islanded microgrids (µGs). Existing distributed methods commonly design restoration layer with the assumption of ideal communication among distributed generations (DGs). Albeit, the communication channels are exposed to delay and noise, whereas any DG receives delayed and noisy measurements from its neighbors due to peripheral noises and communication delays. Delay and noise have a great impact on the control of µG, which terribly reduce the stability and quality of it. To eliminate the adverse effects of delays and noises, we propose novel consensus protocols that consider effects of the communication noises and delays simultaneously for complete plant dynamics, and study mean square consensus for frequency and voltage restoration of µGs whereas providing stringent real power sharing. To this end, we derive the mean square consensus restoration proof using rigorous Lyapunov analysis. As a result the suggested method decreases the sensitivity of the system to failures and increases its reliability. Finally, we have done several simulation scenarios in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems Toolbox to verify the proposed strategy performance.

Sorting is an important operation in droplet microfluidics. In this paper, we propose a novel, active technique for sorting of drops. The technique involves sending of drops to a one-dimensional (1D) microfluidic network at calculated time intervals. We make use of the hydrodynamic interactions to sort the drops. With the help of a simple model from the literature for the movement of drops in 1D microchannel networks, we present computational results that corroborate the use of the design of inlet spacing for active sorting of drops. Using genetic algorithm, we identified inlet spacings that are insensitive to potential experimental errors. The identified spacings can be used to completely sort a large number of drops. We also observed that for a given set of drops, identifying inlet spacing is a one-time process as this spacing would result in the same sorting efficacy for any other operating flow rate.

No abstract

No abstract