Due to recent increase in deployment of Cyber-Physical Industrial Control Systems in different critical infrastructures, addressing cyber-security challenges of these systems is vital for assuring their reliability and secure operation in presence of malicious cyber attacks. Towards this end, developing a testbed to generate real-time data-sets for critical infrastructure that would be utilized for validation of realtime attack detection algorithms are indeed highly needed. This paper investigates and proposes the design and implementation of a cyber-physical industrial control system testbed where the Tennessee Eastman process is simulated in real-time on a PC and the closed-loop controllers are implemented on the Siemens PLCs. False data injection cyber attacks are injected to the developed testbed through the man-in-the-middle structure where the malicious hackers can in real-time modify the sensor measurements that are sent to the PLCs. Furthermore, various cyber attack detection algorithms are developed and implemented in real-time on the testbed and their performance and capabilities are compared and evaluated. INDEX TERMS Industrial Control Systems, Cyber Attack, Attack Detection Algorithm, Man-in-themiddle Attack, Hybrid Testbed.

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In this project, the hybrid testbed architecture is selected for the development of ICS testbed where the Tennessee Eastman (TE) plant is simulated inside PC and the remaining components are implemented using real industrial hardware. TE plant is selected as the industrial process for the developed cybersecur ity testbed due to the following reasons. First, the TE modTheel is a wellknown chemical process plant used in control systems research and it dynamics is well understood. Second, it should be properly cont rolled otherwise small disturbance will drive the system toward an unsafe and unstable operat ion. The inherent unstable open-loop property of the TE process model presents a real-world scenario in which a cyberattack could represent a real risk to human safety, environmental safety, and economic viability. Third, the process is complex, coupled and nonlinear, and has many degrees of freedom by which to control and perturb the dynamics of the process.